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THE 



Woman's Temperance 



MOVEMENT. 



BY 

REV. W- C. STEEL, 

Of New York City 

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY DIO LEWIS, M.D. 



A Concise History of the 

Woman's War on Alcohol. 



CONTAINING 



History, Plans, Methods of Operation, Pledges, Incidents, Humors 

of the Campaign, etc., etc. It also gives a Summary 

of Results of Success, with Plans 

of Procedure, etc. 

New York : r*V§ta/ 

National Temperance Society and Publication Ht)use, 

No. 58 READE STREET. 
1874. 



Y\\i 
.9* 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by 

J. N. STEARNS, 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D.C. 



PREFACE. 



In the following pages we purpose to give a concise 
history of what Rev. Dr. R. M. Hatfield, of Cincinnati, terms 
" the greatest religious revival since the day of Pentecost." 
Our effort will be to keep prominently before the mind the 
one great fact that this movement is nothing more nor less 
than a wonderful religious awakening in an entirely new form, 
and as such demands our reverent acceptance and heartiest 
approval, rather than our criticism and exceptions. 

Earnest temperance workers throughout the country will 
want to know how to promote and conduct such a revival. 
We answer, Just as you would any such work of grace* 
Prayer, continual prayer to God, is the first requisite. It 
cannot be manufactured by old-stock anecdotes and speeches 
or by agitation for stringent legal action merely. It must 
come from above, God will use only the consecrated heart 
in its promotion ; so that to those who are longing for 
power to crush the great enemy, we say, Offer yourselves 
fully, entirely to God, and let each Christian woman every- 
where say unto God, " Here am I, send me " ; and He 
may put upon you the high honor of using you, through an 
intensified piety, as an instrument in this holiest of crusades, 
for the protection and salvation of our imperilled Christian 
civilization. 

But you wish rules for temperance action. All we can say 
is, Organize and pray ; let the women of the several churches 



4 P?-eface. 

meet together, for Christian unity is essential in this work. 
Get the men to help by their prayers and purses, and then 
form a Women's Temperance Society. The simpler the 
organization the better. Next establish your prayer-meet- 
ings ; one for the business men — say from 9 to 10 o'clock in 
the morning, and one for women — say from 3 to 4 o'clock 
in the afternoon. Get your several pledges. Have mass- 
meetings every night, and engage in the work as God may 
direct. He will give " wisdom liberally," and whether 
you are led to go into the saloons in large or small parties, 
He will go with you, and the miracle of this nineteenth cen- 
tury, the destruction of the crime which is the source of other 
crimes, by the effort of holy women endowed with power 
from on high, will be repeated in your experience. Patient 
prayer and consecrated gentleness will win the victory. O 
thou daughter of God ! the Father calleth unto thee, 
" Go thou up and possess the land which the Lord thy God 
hath given thee." 



INTRODUCTION. 

BY DIO LEWIS, M.D. 

THERE was trouble at our house when I was a small boy. 
My father had forgotten everything but drink There 
were five of us small people. Our mother, with her own hands, 
provided for all. She earned and cooked our food, out and made 
our clothes — in brief, was father, mother, general provider, cook, 
housekeeper, and nurse. In addition to all this, she was the vic- 
tim of abuse and violence. Often she would cry in the presence 
of her children ; and sometimes, when she could bear it no longer, 
she would drag her weary limbs up into the garret. We knew 
what she went up there for, and sometimes, we could hear her 
say, " O God ! help me, help me, help me ! " "O Lord ! how 
long, how long? " Then she would keep very still for awhile. 
When she came down to us again, her cheeks were wet, but her 
face shone like an angel's. She taught us to pray. We grew up 
with a very large estimate of the power of prayer. The day was 
never so dark at our house that mother could not go up into the 
garret and open the clouds. 

To-day, more than forty years after those darkest times, I 
believe in my heart that woman's prayer is the most powerful 
agency on earth. 

Nineteen years ago, when I first began to speak in public, I 
prepared a lecture upon the potency of the prayers of women in 
grog-shops, which during these years I have delivered more than 
three hundred times. In about twenty towns the plan has been 
tried. Among the largest of these towns I may mention Dixon, 
111., and Battle Creek, Mich., where fourteen years ago the work 



6 Introduction. 

was attempted, and Manchester, N. H., where the " Woman's 
Temperance Movement " was inaugurated five years ago. In 
each of these places I presented the scheme precisely as in South- 
ern Ohio, and know of no reason why the grand march did not 
begin before the test week of the year 1873. All we know is that 
God was not ready to move on the hearts of his people. 

Lecturing before the lyceums of Ohio during last December, I 
gave two evenings to the discussion of woman's prayer-meetings 
in saloons. In Hillsboro and Washington C H., where this 
lecture was given, the women rose at once, and declared they were 
ready. I saw that the hour had struck. The world knows the 
story. 

I have not a doubt that the women of America will rid the 
country of dram-shops, if they can preserve the Christ-spirit in 
which they have begun, continue their combined movements 
against the enemy, give the politicians and wise men a wide 
berth, and keep themselves in the spirit of humble prayer before 
God. 



i 



CHAPTER I. 

THE TEMPERANCE REVIVAL AND THE SECRET OF ITS SUCCESS 

THE moral movements of every age have had special charac- 
teristics, and every temperance revival has had its own 
distinctive features. The great Washingtonian blaze of excite- 
ment which burned like a prairie-fire all through our country 
was peculiar in that it originated among men who had been al- 
most ruined and wrecked by their devotion to the bowl, but who, 
convinced of their sin and peril, not only forsook the path of 
danger, but consecrated themselves to the work of rescuing others 
from the ruinous edge of the fearful precipice of intemperance. 
It commenced in Baltimore, where six men who were confirmed 
drunkards entered into a compact, in the month of April, 1840, to 
never again taste intoxicating liquors ; but not satisfied with this 
mere personal pledge, with great zeal they immediately went to 
work to save others who had become enslaved by the appetite 
for drink. By December they numbered three hundred, and in 
less than a year one thousand, most of whom had been confirmed 
inebriates. Meetings weredield everywhere, the pledge circulat- 
ed, and Washingtonian societies sprang up throughout the coun- 
try ; so that in a short time it was computed that one hundred 
and fifty thousand persons had signed the pledge who had been 
confirmed drunkards, besides thousands of others, including chil- 
dren, who had never formed the habit. 

The great change wrought in this land, and especially in Ireland, 
mainly within the pale of his own church, by that noble man, 
Father Theobald Mathew, whereby five millions in Ireland and six 
hundred thousand in this country were led to make a sacred and 
solemn pledge of total abstinence, was also peculiar in many of its 
phases. But the great religious temperance movement of 1874 
seems to be totally unlike any temperance excitement the world 
ever knew. The marked and distinctive religious character of the 
work everywhere seems to place it above all others. Moreover, its 
extent and its thoroughness present it to the philanthropist as pecu- 



8 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

liaily worthy of study and of commendation. We will try in these 
.pages to give an account of its origin, already spoken of in the in- 
troduction by Dr. Dio Lewis, and also will try to bring out its char- 
acteristic points of interest, and show its results up to the time of 
publication. 

In looking at this remarkable moral uprising, we cannot 
ascribe its power to any source merely human and natural ; it is 
evidently from above, and bears the unmistakable signs of its 
divine origin. Supplications of scores of years from the sad, the 
broken-hearted, and even from trembling lips of inebriates them- 
selves, had gone up to the Great Ruler. The church had only lim- 
ited power, and to some extent even compromised with the evil. 
Legislation was powerless to destroy it, and " man's," or rather 
"woman's extremity became God's opportunity." The greatest 
sufferer, woman, had patiently borne her burden in her weakness 
through the long night of years ; but He who said, " Give honor to 
the woman as to the weaker vessel," and who always takes the 
side of weakness when oppressed by power — He, the Friend of 
Mary and Martha, heard her cry ; and inspired by him and armed 
by him, not with the sword of Joan of Arc, but with the most po- 
tent weapon known to earth, she has gone forth to conquer that 
most relentless foe, Intemperance ; and to-day she can say : 

" I hold the sceptre in my hand 

Which rules the universe of things, 
Which rules the ocean, rules the land, 
And puts to shame the power of kings. 

" Look up ! its lifted light behold — 

Not framed by human power or art ; 
Not made of wood, or stone, or gold ; 
'Tis love, the sceptre of the heart. 

" My Father smiled, and bade me take 
My infant hand that sceptre fair ; 
Beneath its power the nations shake, 
For God's omnipotence is there !" 

The whole course of the movement has been that of a genuine 
and thorough religious revival, and in every instance those who 
have been engaged in it have ascribed their success to God ; and 
the one universal preparation-song has been that strain of conse- 



The Women s Temperance Movement. g 

cration, " Nearer, my God, to thee," while its hymn of success has 
been, " Praise God, from whom all blessings flow." 

With regard to the mode of destroying the traffic in liquor in 
the several villages and cities, it has been substantially the same 
everywhere. 

i. Preparatory prayer in the closet and church, in some in- 
stances lasting for two or three weeks, before any effort was made 
openly by the women to persuade men to quit the business. 

2. Circulating the personal pledge of total abstinence ; also, for 
druggists, grocers, real estate owners, lawyers, and physicians. 

3. Going out in small companies of two or three, and quietly 
conversing with dealers, with or without prayer. 

4. Increasing the party to five or ten, and praying either vo- 
cally or silently in each place visited. 

5. Visiting in large bodies daily the several saloons in the town, 
and singing and praying in them, or, if refused access, in front on 
the pavement or in the street. 

In -many places in Ohio, guards have been assigned to watch 
the saloons when not invested by the praying-band. These ladies 
usually took down names of visitors, and sometimes exhorted and 
plead with them to sign the pledge. This last course was a 
very unpopular one with the saloon-keepers. 

In hundreds of instances, woman's gentleness has overcome 
man's obstinacy, and those who resisted for weeks have at last 
yielded to the power of entreaty and love. The religious nature 
of the movement is not only shown by this plan of the campaign, 
but also by its -principles as asserted in the following platform, 
adopted at the State Convention held in Columbus, Feb. 24, 1874 : 

"the women's platform. 

"The Committee on Resolutions, through its president. Mother Stewart, 
made the following report, which was adopted section by section by a rising 
and unanimous vote : 

"Resolved, That the success of the Ohio woman's movement in behalf of the 
temperance reform has given us substantial assurance that the traffic in and 
use of intoxicating drinks can and will be removed from the State and na- 
tion. 

"Resolved, That in the prosecution of this work we rely on divine assist- 
ance, secured through fervent, persistent, and importunate prayers to Al- 



10 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

might}- God, offered in faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, and with hearts filled 
with love for souls. 

''Resolved, That faithful and persistent prayer must, as an inevitable re- 
sult, be accompanied by efficient, personal, and organized work. 

%i Resolved, That, in addition to contributions of money, generously and 
freely given, it is recommended to the men aiding in the woman's effort to 
suppress intemperance in our communities, and to the women who carry 
on the work, to av*oid all envy, hatred, malice, and uncharitableness, bitter- 
ness of speech, and denunciation of the men engaged in the liquor traffic ; 
to cultivate their acquaintance and kindly feeling, and by ail honorable and 
practicable means to assist them to change from a business injurious to so- 
ciety to some other calling remunerative to themselves and beneficial to the 
community. 

(Signed) " Mrs. E. D. Stewart, 

Sarah Pollard, 
Miss Lizzie T. McFadden, 
Mrs. H. J. Sharp, 
Mrs. M. W. Banes, 
C. M. Nichols, 
H. S. Fullerton, 
J. M. Richmond, 

Committee" 

The religious exercises conducted in the street and saloon have 
been of the most solemn character, ofttimes moving the most 
hardened men to tears. The hymns sung are those common to 
all Christians, which express the deepest feelings of the heart, 
while the prayers are utterances of holy confidence and appeals' 
for help to the God of power. 

We append a prayer, uttered in a saloon. Says a correspon- 
dent : 

" In Waynesville, I found the ladies just starting on their mission. Anxious 
to see the principal dealer, Mr. William Raper, before the ladies got to his 
place, I entered his saloon, and was about applying the reportorial gimlet, 
tc his knowledge-box, when the ladies, having changed their route, entered 
to the number of thirty, led by a venerable Quakeress. The proprietor 
hurried me through an open door to a family parlor with the brief instruc- 
tion, ' Sit right down at this table, and get a full report now, will ye?' 
Behind me were his wife and daughter, with Mr. Franey seated comfortably 
by the fire ; in front, the saloon full of ladies. It was a singular mixture of 
the pathetic and the practical. It almost seemed like a profanation to make 
out in cold blood a report of such proceedings. Extending her hand with 
a pleasant smile, the Quakeress, Mrs. Jane Jones, of Burlington, Ohio, asked, 



The Women s Temperance Movement. II 

' Ho-v's thee ?' and made the usual request for leave to pray, which was 
courteously granted. For two minutes or more every head was bowed in 
deep silence, which alone would have showed the Quaker element in the 
movement here ; then, leaning on the bar, with eyes reverently turned toward 
heaven, and hands clasped upon her bosom, the lady offered up the most 
earnest, moving prayer I have heard for many a day. It was not the words 
so much as the occasion and the spirit in which it was uttered that gave it 
force. I reproduce it as nearly as possible, for certain reasons which will 
appear in the perusal : 

" ' Our Father in heaven, who knowest the inmost thoughts of all hearts, 
who cannot be deceived and will not be mocked, we come again in a sense 
of our weakness, needing great help from thee to do what little is in our 
power for the relief and salvation of thy creatures and to thy honor. We 
come again in the name of Jesus, asking thee to put words in our mouths 
and wisdom in our hearts when we try to talk to this our dear brother. We 
implore thee to bless this dear family ; we ask again, as we have often asked 
before, that thou wouldst send thy -v.vord with power into the heart of this dear 
brother, that he may give up this terrible sin that has so long kept him away 
from God. Thou, who hast moved so many hearts, in mercy condescend 
to move upon the heart of this man, that he may no longer endanger his 
immortal soul. Oh ! help him to say, " Let others do as they may ; as for me, 
I will get rid of this traffic, which is the cause of so much sin and suffering." 
. . . O Lord ! have we not seen and suffered enough of this great evil, 
which fills our land with ruin until our dear country is trembling on the 
verge of destruction. Often we know this dear brother has trembled at thy 
word like Felix of old, but still stands where he did, saying : " Go thy way 
for this time ; when I have a more convenient season, I will send for 
thee." ... *. 

" ' O Lord ! bless this man that sits writing here. Give him wisdom, that 
he may know the truth in all its beauty and importance; and grant him 
power to convey that truth unto others to the good of their souls. Impress 
upon his heart that many, yea, very many, are dependent upon him ; that 
if his own soul were all that he imperilled, it were enough ; but that thou- 
sands look to him for exact truth. He cannot say, " Am I my brother's 
keeper ?" for the souls of many may be dragged down to perdition by error 
and falsehood. Help him to realize the importance of his words. . . . And 
may thy blessing rest upon all here assembled, and finally meet us again at 
thy right hand. We ask for Jesus' sake. Amen.' 

•■' There was very little singing, but, between the prayers, selections of 
Scripture were read. The tone of most of the prayers indicated that they 
were delivered by Quakeresses. Waynesville, with a population of less than 
a thousand, has representatives of almost every phase of belief in Christen- 
dom, and some, I really believe, from beyond that limit. It is heterogeneous 
alike in politics and religion, every sect and insect being represented, with 
a considerable element of pronounced infidels. Quakers, both Hicksite 



12 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

and Orthodox, abound, as well as many Spiritualists. Of the evangelical 
churches, the Methodists are most numerous, but all unite in this tempe- 
rance movement." 

Here, also, is a description of a meeting held in Waynesville 
during the heat of the campaign : 

"I dropped my pencil a moment to attend an afternoon meeting, held, by 
permission of Mr. Bowman, at his saloon. It was the most remarkable and 
impressive scene I have yet witnessed. The long billiard-hall and saloon 
were completely filled. In the centre, some leaning upon billiard-tables 
and a few in chairs, were some sixty ladies ; at the ends, a hundred or more 
men ; and out upon the pavement, and in the alley and rear, two or three 
hundred more. All the school children, just dismissed, were there ; and in 
that large crowd there was no more disorder, no more whispering or push- 
ing, than is often observed in an in-door meeting. The ladies sang some 
beautiful hymns, then the leader called on a very nice-looking old lady to 
pray. The scene was so unusual that I prepared to take a verbatim report ; 
but, to my surprise, the lady prayed in the German language. To report a 
prayer in a foreign tongue clear enough for a translation is merely impos- 
sible ; and no report could give any idea of the deep earnestness, the tone of 
sincerity and ardent supplication, with which her petition was delivered. 
Not more than a third of the congregation could understand the words, 
but the spirit seemed to touch every heart in the three or four hundred there 
assembled. Men that had probably not heard half a dozen prayers in as 
many years were deeply touched ; and as the ladies rose from their knees, 
there were tears on almost every face. Not a man seemed to have stirred 
during the prayer, but at its close the band sang with great force and beauty, 

" Tell me the old, old story," 

and one by one, reverently and in silence, the men dropped from the room. 
The very genius of primitive Christianity seems to have descended upon 
some of these praying women, and they that have gone out into the high- 
ways to bid sinners come in find their strength to be like that of the apos- 
tolic days." 

Dr. Dio Lewis testifies that from personal observation he found 
the meetings conducted with the greatest propriety, deep solemni- 
ty and godly reverence prevailing in them everywhere, even the 
most mercurial and demonstrative women restraining and con- 
trolling their emotions. 

With the terse, alliterative motto, " Prayer, piety, and persua- 
sion," the great work has been wrought, and only in cases of 
obstinate resistance has the aid of the law been invoked. While 
the charge has been made, especially on the part of those who 



The Wo me its Temperance Movement. 13 

care but little for Christianity, that these public exhibitions of 
pious zeal would bring religion into contempt, we have only to 
ask them to visit one of the many villages or cities in Ohio from 
which the liquor traffic has been banished, and in the prevalence 
of Christian unity among those who have " tented on the same 
camp-ground," prayed together in the same snow-storms, and 
wept and rejoiced in the same holy campaign, they will find an 
evidence of the power of the whiskey crusade to unite as one 
those who too long have been alienated in heart from each other, 
while professing to be the children of the same Father. In behold- 
ing this precious result of the crusade of love, we are led to utter 
the prophetic words of Scotia's bard of the people : 

" For a' that and a* that, 
It's comin' yet for a' that — 
That man to man, the warld ower, 
Shall brithers be for a' that." 

Not only in the prevalence of brotherly love, but in the marked 
increase in the attendance on the worship of God, and in the 
conversion of hundreds of dram-drinkers and dram-sellers, and 
in the establishment of Christian associations with literary and 
religious aims, we have the clearest evidence that God himself 
inspired this blessed and precious work of grace. 

PLEDGES. 

The following pledges, with slight verbal variations, have been 
used in the campaign : 

citizens' pledge. 
We, the undersigned, severally pledge ourselves, upon our integrity and 
honor, to abstain from the use as a beverage of all spirituous liquors, wine, 
beer, and ale; and that we will not give away or offer in any way the same 
to others to be so used, or use the same in cooking or* for' table purposes. 

property-holders' pledge. 
We, the undersigned proper-holders, pledge ourselves not to let or 
lease our premises (or premises for which we are agents) in this city, 
or permit them to be used or occupied, for the sale or dispensing in any 
way of spirituous liquors, wine, beer, or ale. 

dealers' pledge. 
We hereby severally pledge ourselves not to sell, furnish, or give away 



14 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

or allow to be sold or given away by any agent or employee of ours, either 
by retail or wholesale, any spirituous liquors, wine, beer, or ale. 

physicians' pledge. 
We, the undersigned, upon our honor as professional men, promise here- 
by not to prescribe the use of spirituous liquors, wine, beer, or- ale, only 
in case of absolute necessity. 

druggists' pledge. 

We, the undersigned druggists, hereby pledge ourselves, upon our honor 
as business men, that from this date we will under no circumstances sell or 
give away, or allow to be sold or given away by any of our agents or em- 
ployees, any alcoholic or intoxicating liquors, wine, beer, or ale, except 
upon the prescription of a reputable practising physician, said prescription 
to be filled but once. 

grocers' pledge. 

We, the undersigned grocers, do hereby promise and agree that we will 
not hereafter sell, or allow to be sold in our stores, intoxicating liquor to 
any person ; and that we will heartily, and in good faith, perform this 
obligation. 

In one of the towns, a draymen's pledge was circulated, which 
bound the signer not to carry packages of liquors in any form, 
save for the use of pledged druggists. 



CHAPTER II. 

PROGRESS OF THE MOVEMENT. 

'E will now proceed to give an account of the work wrought 
in the various cities and towns in the West, gathered 
from the best sources. We are particularly indebted for assistance 
in this work to those enterprising and accurate journals, the 
Gazette and Commercial of Cincinnati, and the Tribune of Chicago, 
which have, at great expense, presented their readers with the 
fullest information in reference to this great temperance revival. 

There may be slight inaccuracies in some of the reports, but 
they will be found to be in the main correct and reliable. 

OHIO. 

Washington C. H., O. — Although this place was two days 
later than Hillsboro in entering upon the temperance work, the 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 15 

success here was more marked and complete. Commencing on 
Christmas morning, the work was completed by the 12th of 
February, through the surrender of Sullivan, the last liquor-seller 
in the place. One morning a man named Charles Passmore 
opened a saloon very quietly ; but no sooner was it known 
than the ladies met, and in the snow and on the snow they 
stood and kneeled and prayed until ten o'clock at night. He 
would come out and listen to them, but stubbornly refused to 
open his doors. Their tearful pleadings were almost irresistible ; 
and when, as the night wore on, they sang in plaintive tones, 
" Come to Jesus, come to Jesus just now," the scene was deeply 
affecting. On Monday morning he sent word to the prayer- 
meeting that he would surrender. The effect was thrilling in 
the extreme ; the whole audience rose and sang with deep 
emotion the old Coronation Hymn, " All hail the power of Jesus' 
name." 

They immediately formed in procession, and proceeded to 
Charley Beck's, who had obstinately resisted all the efforts of the 
ladies for weeks; who had also succeeded in securing an injunc- 
tion against the women, and had insulted and jeered at them again 
and again, and had gone so far as to put a card-picture in his 
window representing a man in a coffin, with this inscription in 
large letters underneath it : " This man was prayed to death I " 

Upon procuring the injunction, he sent the following telegram to 
the Cincinnati Commercial : 

SPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE COMMERCIAL. 

Washington C. H., O., February 4. 
Tell Beadle, of the Commercial, that my gounsel has had demerance meet- 
ing and tabernacle abated as a nuisance. Chas. Beck. 

The ladies had built a tabernacle in front of his saloon. After- 
wards land was purchased opposite his place of business, a taber- 
nacle built, and the men affixed a locomotive head-light to the 
tabernacle in such a position that the light shone directly upon 
his door, so that whoever entered his saloon did so at the peril of 
having his name placed upon the tablets of some fair crusader on 
picket-duty, to be read out in church at its next meeting. Beck 
had evidently heard of the contemplated surrender of Sullivan ; 
and as he saw the jubilant crowd approaching, he came out at 



1 6 The Women's Temperance Movement, 

once, and, taking off his hat, said in his broken English, " Ladies, 
you come so many times, I quits, I quits. I sell no more, never." 
Three hearty cheers were given, and, after hand-shaking all around, 
the line of march was taken up for Sullivan's. He asked for further 
time to consider the matter, but finally came to the meeting on 
the following day, February 12, and made an unconditional sur- 
render, pleading for mercy: The whole audience became wild with 
joy, and the temperance John Brown song was sung amid tears 
and congratulations. This completed the victory in Washington, 
and the rum-curse was banished, we trust never again to enter 
that community. 

Hillsboro. — The first organization here was on the 23d of 
December, and this place heads the list. Hillsboro is about 
ninety years old, and has a population of nearly four thousand. 
For about six weeks the women held their prayer-meetings twice 
a day, and visited the saloons daily. Their success was gradual, 
but an unforeseen obstacle, which arrested the attention of the 
whole country, met them in an injunction, issued against them by 
Judge S afford on the 31st of January, at the instance of W. H. H. 
Dunn, a druggist of the place, who had obstinately resisted all their 
appeals. Not only was this injunction granted, but Mr. Dunn 
also sued the several ladies engaged in the crusade, laying his 
damages at $10,000. They heroically accepted the gage of legal 
battle, immediately desisted from street-praying, and had the 
tabernacle which they had built in front of Mr. Dunn's drug 
store, removed. 

On the 20th of February, the injunction was dissolved and Mr. 
Dunn mulcted in the costs. But an appeal was immediately 
taken, and the case was finally fully decided in their favor, 
thus securing, by the highest legal decision, the right of the 
women of Ohio to assail, with their own weapons of prayer, 
love, and persuasion, all who are engaged in the traffic in ardent 
spirits. 

Wilmington. — The crusade commenced in January, and on 
the 15th of March all the saloons in the city were closed. 

Gallipolis. — Population of three or four thousand. Early 
in January, earnest work commenced. March 2, three saloor- 
keepers yielded, and the ladies joyfully took down the sign of one. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 17 

of them, Mr. Crowley, and watered the streets with his whiskey ; 
850 signed the pledge, includi ng 300 habitual drinkers. Police 
report crime lessened nine-tenths ! Sixteen saloons closed. 

Sabina has a population of 300. Crusade opened January 9, 
Nearly the whole village signed the pledge. All the saloons are 
closed, and a guarantee fund of nearly $5,000 has been raised. 

New Lexington. — The work of the crusade was inaugurated 
January 10. There were 13 places where liquors were sold. 
Eleven closed. The Catholic priest aided by personal work among 
his flock. $10,000 was subscribed to carry on the crusade. 

Greenfield. — Jan. 13, the work commenced against 14 sa- 
loons and 4 drug stores in a population of 1800. Evening visits 
were first made here at any hour between 6 and 10 o'clock, and 
in every such call the saloon was immediately emptied by the 
rear door. At the jubilee held Feb. 6, quite a number of per- 
sons rose for prayers. Clinton, the worst man engaged in the 
business, and who called his place " The Den of Iniquity," said after 
his surrender, "I thought I had sand enough in my craw to stand 
anything; but the prayers of these women did stir me up. They 
were enough to sink a wooden man." $20,000 were subscribed 
toward a Christian Association. Thirteen saloons, all closed. 

New Vienna. — Though much smaller than many of the places 
where the women labored for the suppression of the rum traffic, 
New Vienna will always hold an important position in the his- 
tory of the glorious work, from the fact that it was the 
scene of the now celebrated Van Pelt surrender. The work 
was started on the 13th of January, and daily prayers 
offered in front of saloons. Van Pelt was very obstinate, 
and took for his motto, "Never surrender." He appeared 
daily and made a mock sermon after the women had prayed. 
He purchased an axe, and placed it in the window to excite the 
fears of the band, and hung out jugs and bottles of whiskey in 
front of his saloon. It having been reported that he had sold out, 
he sent the following telegram to Cincinnati : 

CARD FROM MR. VAN TELT. 

"New Vienna, Janu 30 1S74. 
" To the Editor of the Cincinnati Gazette : 

" Please correct your Statement of the 29th that i Have Sold out for $9,500, 



1 8 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

for it is not correct for i Still Hold out and Have Had the law suits this 

week and can stand as meny more, nor they cant Buy me out nor scare me 

out either nor run me out. and i shall tend to lies they Have Published on 

me as soon as i git through with the Socalled temperense .movement Here, 

you can if you wish make eney coment on the subject ) r ou wish not to inger 

my caricter or Buissness. 

" J. C. Van Pelt." 

By his obstinate and profane course he won the sobriquet of 
"The wickedest man in Ohio." But patience, prayer, perseve- 
rance, and piety conquered even this hardened man. We append 
the account of his surrender, as detailed by a correspondent of 
the Cincinnati Commercial : 

tl New Vienna, O., February 4. 

"This morning our people were startled by the sensation that J. C. Van 
Pelt, known to your readers as the wickedest man in Ohio, proposed to surren- 
der. The news was so good we hardly knew whether to believe it at first, but 
all doubts were removed from the heart of every doubter before 3 o'clock this 
afternoon. A request was circulated from Van Pelt, inviting all the citizens 
to appear in front of his place of business at 2 p M. At 1 p. m„ the ladies met 
at the Baptist church, and at 2 they took up their march, about one hundred in 
number, to Van Pelt's. The church-bells were all rung, and in a few minutes 
an immense crowd was assembled in front of the saloon, where so many 
prayers have been offered. After singing and prayer by the ladies, Van Pelt 
came to the door, and said that he was ready to give up his entire stock in trade 
for the good of the cause of temperance. In a few remarks full of emotion, he ex- 
pressed his determination to make a full surrender, not because of law or force, 
but he said he yielded to the simple labors of love of the women. This was what 
had reached his heart. He then gave Rev. D. Hill, of the Friends' church, 
and Rev. H. H. Witter, of the Baptist church, privilege to bring out his 
whiskey and beer. They rolled out two barrels and one keg. Van Pelt then 
took an axe, and, stepping forward, held it up, crying : ' This is the same 
weapon I used to terrify the ladies. I now use it to sacrifice that which I 
fear has ruined many souls.' So sa)^ing, he knocked the heads out of the 
barrels and the bung out of the keg, and emptied the entire contents on the 
ground. 

" Prayer was offered by Brother Witter, during which time J. H. Johnson 
took a picture of the crowd, with Van Pelt with axe in hand. After another 
song, and prayer by Brother Hill, there was an announcement made that a 
thanksgiving meeting would be held in the Christian Church at 7 p. m., in 
which Van Pelt would give some of his experience as a liquor-dealer and 
some arguments in favor of temperance. 

" When the meeting concluded, the women gathered around Van Pelt to 
shake hands and congratulate him. He said he rejoiced with them ; that 



The Women " s Temperance Movement. 19 

it was not man's work. He had stifled his convictions for days, and had 
been having thoughts that he had not made known. All felt like saying: 
' Surely the Lord hath triumphed gloriously.' 

" 7 P. M. — The house is crowded. Brother Hubbard in the chair. Prayer 
by Brother Hill. After the reading of the minutes, the ladies' secretary, 
Anna R. Hussy, made a very interesting report of the day's proceedings. 
Dr. Trimble made a brief statement of the work in Hillsboro. Brother Van 
Pelt then came forward, and spoke about twenty minutes. His manner 
was characterized with a good degree of humility. His remarks were interest- 
ing, and frequently called forth hearty applause. He first made apologies 
to individuals, and corrected some false reports. He then proceeded to 
give briefly his views of the liquor traffic and the temperance work. He 
had felt for some da}^s deep convictions that he was doing a mean business, 
but had used every argument he could to sustain himself — had tried to argue 
with the ladies, and get the best of the argument ; it was not arguments, but 
their prayers and suffering, that had touched his heart. No man or set of 
men would suffer and endure what the ladies had endured in this work. 
He referred to his saloon as a low doggery, saying : ' Yes, I'll call it a low 
doggery, for no man can keep a high one.' He had often taken the last ten 
cents from a man for whiskey when he knew the money had been earned by 
his wife or child. Every man who sells whiskey does this. Little faces thus 
robbed had often appealed to his heart with greater force than any words of 
man. He was now determined to quit this business for ever, and throw his 
strength on the other side of the question. He thought places of innocent 
amusement and resort ought to be established, to entertain those who seek 
company at saloons. He believed this emphatically a ladies' work. He 
believed God had led them into this work. He wanted to encourage them 
to go on till the country is freed from the greatest curse of the land. He 
had been thinking for several days that perhaps the great God who over- 
rules all had allowed him to go into that low business, that he might see the 
great iniquity, and be better able to influence others to quit the terrible busi- 
ness. 

"At the close of the speech, the audience expressed their delight by pro- 
longed applause. Space here forbids a full report. 

"Some of our ladies are to go to the Hillsboro mass meeting on Saturday, 
and Van Pelt is invited to accompany them. The audience made Mr. Van 
Pelt a present of one hundred and fifty dollars ; not as a compensation for 
his whiskey — for he did not ask that — but as an expression of their good 
feelings toward him for his manly sacrifice." 

Victory crowned the labors of the noble women in about three 
weeks, and all the saloons were closed by the 4th of February. 

New Holland. — January 12 was the opening day in this 
village. With a population of 600, there were 5 places where liquor 



20 The Women s Temper an ee Movement. 

was sold, two of them being gambling-saloons. It was in this 
place that a saloon-keeper raised a poker to strike the women, for 
which he was arrested and fined. 

Since the closing of the saloons, the report is that good order 
prevails in the village and no arrests are made. 

London. — There were 27 places of sale in this place; and 
through great obstacles the women steadily invested the saloons 
and hotels, until the latter adopted temperance principles, and 
saloon after saloon surrendered, the work culminating, on the 
14th of February, in the adoption by the common council of the 
stringent prohibitory law of McConnellsville. The band here 
adopted the principle of small committees of visitation not 
exceeding five in number. Great earnestness animated the peo- 
ple of this place. One of them writes : 

" Our people are deeply in earnest. Never before did the) 7 manifest such 
determination. It is proposed to stretch the cord of ' moral suasion ' to its 
utmost tension ; but the cry all along the line is, ' The work of death must 
cease.' 

"Whose movement is this? It would not be just to say it is the work of 
'the first families,' though all these are in it. We regard it as God's work, 
and in it are all classes. The mayor, the council, the bar, the banker, the 
merchant, the mechanic, the laborer, the inebriate, and the minister all say 
these women must be sustained. God speed the right !'"' 

The ladies here first adopted the mode of assault by taberna- 
cles on wheels, with the American flag crowning them. They 
were drawn by horses from saloon to saloon. 

After the expulsion of ruin, $21,000 were raised for a Young 
Men's Christian Association. 

Waynesville. — January 19 was the day of the opening of the 
campaign here. Mr. Liddy and wife were hard to conquer, and 
she told the women, " I'll scald yez." When topers tried to run 
a gauntlet of pickets, he said, " These wimmen are worse than 
haythens." Spite of threats and opposition, the work was pushed 
forward. On the 7th of February, with the snow four inches deep 
and still falling, they sang and prayed again and again in front of 
Raper's saloon, and one of them said, " We had one of the most de- 
lightful meetings we ever held." Liddy's house was finally bought 
over his head, and Raper surrendered; and on the 22d of Feb- 
ruary, Waynesville was freed from the curse of rumselling. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 21 

Raper's surrender had much of interest in it. He at first 
desired to return what liquor he had on hand in full barrels, but 
finally wrote to Miss Pugh as follows : 

" Miss Pugh : I have thought the matter over, and have come to the con- 
clusion to let the ladies empty the ale. Wm. F. Raper." 

This announcement was received with immense enthusiasm, 
and presently, through a pouring rain, the whole body marched 
to the saloon, ladies on one side of the street, gentlemen on the 
other. With Mr. Raper's assistance, the women rolled the ale from 
the cellar, and soon a half-dozen hatchets were dashing at the 
bungs, and amid firing cannon, ringing bells, and hearty shouts, 
three streams of ale, as thick as your wrist, shot into gutters, 
where the torrents of rain carried it down to the Little Miami. 
A keg of blackberry brandy shared the same cruel fate. No man 
in the crowd seemed happier than Raper, as he showed the wo- 
men how to finish their work of watching. A photographer pre- 
sent caught the scene, which, with increasing years, shall duly in- 
crease in lustre. 

Notwithstanding the storm, the church was packed in the eve- 
ning. Judge Keys, the Revs. Messrs. Peyton and Bingham, Mr. 
Raper, and Jane Jones delivered addresses. The first-named 
speaker said that on the 20th of March, 1798, the first family set- 
tled in Waynesville, and among their goods was some whiskey, 
which soon was sold in the first store, and from that day till this 
it has been so sold. This' 21st day of February, then, was the 
first day in seventy-six years that it could be said that Waynes- 
ville was without a saloon. 

Mr. Raper said : " This has been one of the happiest days of 
my life. I have felt for a good while this business was all wrong. 
My wife has, ever since she joined the church here, tried to per- 
suade me to quit it. When the women began to come, it troubled 
me more. As they kept on, it made me feel very bad. Then I 
got tired of them, and did not want to meet them. I would see 
them come and open the door. If they wanted to go in, they 
might, but I'd go up-stairs. I could not bear to meet them. I 
have for four weeks hated to go into that little room (the bar- 
room), it looked so dark. I'd get out as soon as I could. I 
never intend to sell another drop of liquor in. Waynesville. The 



22 The Women s Temperance Movement, 

praise belongs wholly to the women ; it is to them I gave up, and 
they were the cause of it. It was not the law, for I did not know 
of that suit until fifteen or twenty minutes after I had surren- 
dered. I want you all to pray for me." In response to a ques- 
tion, he said he had not sold the liquors poured out to-day, but he 
had given them up without one word in reference to remuneration. 

It was one of the Waynesviile band, when doubts were expressed 
by a reporter as to their success said, " Did you ever know a wo- 
man to undertake to do a thing and stop short of its accomplish- 
ment ?" 

McArthur. — Population 800. This place had five saloons, 
and in one week prayer and persuasion closed four of them. The 
attack of the praying-band on a gambling-saloon is thus graphi- 
cally described : 

" Fifty women singing and praying in a laro-bank is calculated to cause quite 
an interest in almost an) 7 place, and especially in our usually unaccustomed- 
to-excitement village. The rooms were crowded to overflowing by curious 
and interested spectators. The proprietor had boasted that the ' praying- 
band ' had not enough ' religion ' and too little ' faith ' to visit him, and even 
threatened violence should such an action be attempted. After the conclu- 
sion of the evening services at the churches, the ladies formed in line of 
march, accompanied by the marshal and one or two others, in case their 
services were needed in an emergency, and the attack was made. They 
were received without opposition. Crowds followed, the rooms were filled, 
and a large number remained below on the sidewalk. Singing and prayer 
were held for about an hour, when the band took their leave, thanking the 
proprietor for his courtesy, and he in turn requesting them to return ; but 
this they had not the opportunity of doing. Next day he closed his estab- 
lishment, sold his tables and chairs, and decamped, saying that being prayed 
out of town was a new experience to him, and that he had best leave. If 
any individual of the gaming fraternity, and of the most exalted gambling 
proclivities, wants to try his hand here and 'hold out' against the praying 
sisters, McArthur is the place for him to settle. If he don't, like the nomad 
Arab/ fold his tent and hastily march away,' there's no efficacy in prayer 
and supplication." 

Athens. — Commenced crusade February 14. There were 
fourteen saloons here. Earnest work closed nine of them m five 
days. The old drunkards heartily endorsed the movement. It 
was said that throughout the campaign here not one unkind word 
was spoken or threat made. All was done in the spirit of love. 



The Women s Temperance Movement, 23 

Georgetown. — Commenced last of January. With a popula- 
tion of 1,200, there were seven saloons, and, although it was 
esteemed respectable to drink, and public opinion at first ran high 
against the crusade, yet persistent prayer and love prevailed, and 
on February 28 the last saloon, as they say in Ohio, " came down." 
We give herewith an account of a few days' work in Georgetown, 
as a sample of labor in the crusade : 

" One man, on being approached by the ladies, had nerved himself for the 
shock with the electrifying fluid of his own establishment. By his side sat a 
glass half full, ready to be swallowed as soon as the burning effects of the 
first had cooled. When asked if he would quit selling liquor, his response 
was, suggested, no doubt, by the inward burning: ' No ! not till h — 1 freezes 
over.' Since then the wicked of this community, before whom the lake of 
fire has been a dreadful reality, have had great occasion to rejoice. 

" At the second place visited, the proprietor, fearing the prayers of the 
ladies would annihilate his stock, had it rolled out on the sidewalk and 
labelled ' Cincinnati.' He told them, in answer to enquiry respecting the 
cessation of his business, that they might report him closed. This, however, 
was only T a dodge to evade the pressure of this movement. He has since 
closed, however, and allowed his liquors to be emptied in the street. 

" The proprietor of another saloon wept during the first visit of the ladies ; 
said he was a Christian man ; could not quit the business at present, as he 
had bought property, and his word was out to pay for it ; said also that he 
could not let his wife and children suffer for food and clothing. Though 
possessing a heart apparently tender, he yet holds on to his business. Has 
given a written pledge, however, that he will never sell another drop o* 
intoxicating liquor after the present is gone. 

" Judging from the professions of the next man, we would classify him 
with an ancient order of people. ' He is not as other people ; he prays 
twice a day ; was foreordained from all eternity to sell liquor ; considers it 
no more harm than to sell calico.' A few days afterward, we thought his 
Calvinism knocked endways, as he solemnly pledged the temperance people 
he would never sell again. But nickels were too tempting. The next day 
he was discovered selling. Had this not been a ruse to secure the interces- 
sions of the ladies before the court in his behalf, his return to his foul busi- 
ness Avould have verified the old proverb. He persists that there was a 
mistake in his promise ; that it embraced a condition. We are happy to 
record he has since closed up unconditionally. 

" At another place, the proprietor said as he was a law-abiding citizen, 
and sold only according to law, that he would lose every drop of blood in 
his body before he would give up the business. This was severe on the 
ladies. Until then they had not perceived they were warring against legiti- 
mate business. But the next day, on learning that some one had indicted 



24 The Women 's Temperance Movement. 

all of these law-abiding men before the grand jury, their conscientious scruples 
vanished. At this place,, too, temperance has triumphed and no blood shed. 

" The next is a copartnership establishment. Am sorry to say it is car- 
ried on by American men, who ought to feel the disgrace of such a business. 
Will not say it is the hardest of hard places, though such expressions are 
common in the community. This is the only place that refuses utterly to 
give one hopeful promise. Yet we feel that prayers long ago offered in their 
behalf, and those more recently, will be answered. 

11 The last place is some distance from the centre of town. At the 
approach of the procession, the proprietor seemed very much agitated, 
which the unsophisticated ladies mistook for effectual repentance. They 
learned better before many more visits. Behind the counter stood the 
father-in-law of the proprietor — a temperance man that had signed the total- 
abstinence pledge. He was as hopeful as the ladies, and encouraged them 
to keep on, assuring them that ' Adam would yet knock under.' Adam has 
quit. To-day he sent one load of his liquors to Cincinnati. In a day or 
two, the rest will go. 

" WHO ARE THESE WOMEN ? 

" In all adjacent towns the wildest rumors are afloat as to who these pray- 
ing women are. Some say they are strangers sent here to do this work. 
Those not in sympathy with us say they are from the lower strata of society, 
and that among them are women of questionable character. Let the liquor- 
dealers of Georgetown be asked, and, if men of veracity, they will say they 
are the women of Georgetown, and the very best of its female inhabitants. 
They are the wives and daughters of the ministers, bankers, judges, law- 
3 T ers, merchants, and mechanics of this place." 

Franklin. — Commenced Jan. 21. Six saloons were the com- 
plement of this village, and four of them were closed by the 3d 
of February. $5,000 was raised to keep the enemy out hereafter. 
Webber, the German saloonist, sent for a brass band to drown 
the voice of the praying women ; but tears silenced the band, and 
they retired from the field discomfited. Webber himself signed 
the dealers' pledge. A library and social hall was established, and 
the rent paid for twenty years, while $1,800 were raised to pur- 
chase books. 

Morrow. — Population, 1,100. This town had the large number 
of 17 saloons. Prayer for their destruction commenced on Jan- 
uary 22. On the 13th of February, special prayer was offered 
for an increase of the spirit of love. Having enlisted for the war, 
conquest followed conquest until all the saloons were closed, and 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 25 

on the 5th of March the prohibitory ordinance was passed by the 
council. On the same day, two ladies on picket-duty saw a 
man leave a saloon with a bottle in his possession ; they immedi- 
ately besought him to give up drinking, and finally he dashed the 
bottle on the pavement, and, with tears in his eyes, signed the 
pledge, kneeled on the pavement, and they prayed together for 
him. 1,024 persons signed the pledge here. 

Deerfield. — Population, 270. Crusade commenced January 
24, and was carried on successfully. 

Springfield, — The work commenced here on the 24th of Jan- 
uary. When the common council passed, February 25, an ordi- 
nance against obstructing the sidewalk, the women stood in the gut- 
ers and on the curbstone. Mother Stewart, over 80 years of age, is 
president of the Alliance. Nine drug stores, all closed; 115 sa- 
loons, 7 closed. Guarantee fund, $150,000. Drinking diminished 
50 per cent. 

Moscow. — January 27, opened the crusade in this village. 

Leesburg. — Commencing on January 29, two weeks sufficed 
to close the 3 saloons of Leesburg. After the capitulation of the 
last saloonist, they wrote : " The last spike was driven in the coffin 
of King Alcohol to-day." Fifty women were appointed a vigi- 
lance committee to prevent his resurrection, and $50,000 were 
subscribed as a guarantee fund. 

Oxford. — January 31 was* the first campaign-day here. In a 
population of 1,800, there were 1,200 signers to the personal pledge. 
The 12 saloons wore at once assailed, and by the 27th of March only 
1 was left. Wertz and Barraclough sold out their fixtures, etc., 
at auction, and the wealthier citizens purchased them at high 
rates, and presented them to the ladies to be kept as mementoes. 
Glasses brought as high as $1 50, and other things in proportion. 
When the temperance movement was commenced here, the opin- 
ion was expressed that the ladies of Oxford had not the energy 
and perseverance to undertake and push through such a move- 
ment ; but we find this to be a mistake. One lady, over seventy 
years of age, got up and put out her washing before daylight this 
morning, so that she might be able to go round with the ladies. 
This noble woman is Mrs. Sheard. 

Jamestown. — Commenced the work on February 2. Without 



26 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

one harsh word or appeal to law, in two weeks the three saloons 
were closed. 

Cedarville. — On the 7th of February, with prayer, praise, and 
piety, the women of Cedarville started on their mission against 
the saloons, and, after a short battle, they all three surrendered. 

Clarksburg. — One saloon was closed here, after a month's ef- 
fort. 

Ripley. — Population 2,323, saloons and drug stores, 23. Against 
these, the female party of Ripley entered the crusade February 5, 
Seventeen closed in nine days. Some of the Germans were so out- 
raged by the temperance war that they started for the " Father- 
land," where they could freely drink without danger of pious as- 
saults against their favorite beverage. The German minister 
tried to rally the anti-liquor forces, but the women prayed him off 
the field. Here is the account of a day's work : 

" Saturday we went to Sprenger's with an advance guard ; for we had heard 
most bitter threats that he had made. Imagine our delight when he met us 
in the most cordial way, and, after singing and prayer, gave us his name to 
the dealers' pledge. Mr. Hauser, the German druggist, who first declined 
to sign the pledge, sent for the ladies and gave his name most willingly. 
Mr. Scholter, promised by his country, his God, and his wife, never to sell 
another drop of intoxicating liquor, and we know he has kept it in the face 
of strong entreaty to the contrary. Mr. Reinert received the ladies the first 
day, but the second closed his door. Down on their knees the ladies fell 
upon the pavement, in snow and sleet, with a most pitiless wind blowing. 
Men stood with uncovered heads, and the crowd wept. A commander of 
our navy, who has faced death and danger, said he could not endure this 
sight, and tears coursed over his face. Close against the pane a mother 
bowed in prayer, and a moment later the door was opened, and Mr. Reinert 
said, ' Ladies, I will quit the business ; send a committee of your business 
men to me.' They went, and he has arranged to dispose of his stock." 

The personal pledge received 950 signatures here. On Saturday, 
at noon, the steamer Wildwood, the regular packet between 
Maysville and Cincinnati, was visited, and as she rounded to, 
" Shall we gather at the river?" was sung. Capt. Powers received 
the ladies in a very gentlemanly way, and, after prayer, signed 
the pledge, together with two or three others. The bar-keeper 
agreed not to sell to any of the citizens of Ripley. 

The meetings here were remarkable for their spiritual power. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 27 

Saturday night a mass-meeting was held in the Christian church, 
and between 7 and 8 o'clock eighteen or twenty of the ladies 
marched out to visit the saloons, in order to see how they were 
operating. The meeting was continued until their return. They 
^ reported all saloons closed and the most perfect order on our 
streets. For a long time Saturday evenings here have been 
notorious for rowdyism of various kinds. 

A meeting was held yesterday afternoon at the same place at 
2 o'clock. Like the previous meetings, not only the seats were 
taken up, but the aisles were crowded. Quite a number of short 
speeches and earnest prayers were made. Both speeches and 
prayers were being directed to one point — the conversion of 
liquor-,sellers and liquor-drinkers, not only to the cause of tempe- 
rance, but to the cause of Christ. Before the meeting closed, the 
president asked if there was any one in the house who desired the 
prayers of the ladies' missionary band ; if so, let him express it by 
rising. 

Several arose, and for half an hour a stranger, upon entering, 
would have supposed that he was in the midst of a shouting 
Methodist revival. Many strong men gave way to tears, and few 
there were who were not more or less overcome. A young lawyer 
stood up like a man, and said he dared not tell his wife not to go 
when the movement was projected, but did not wish it. She 
went, and her prayers and tears with those of the other ladies 
had not only won him for temperance, but for God. Another, 
whose wife has been active, and who himself has resisted prayers 
and entreaties for more than thirty years, asked for prayer, and 
last night gave his name to the church. Staid Presbyterians, 
weeping, clasped hands with ardent Methodists ; disciples and 
Christians met on a common platform. 

The whole community is excited, and the main features are the 
deep religious feeling that pervades all classes, and the unanimity 
of all denominations of religious bodies in the work — Protestant 
and Catholic, immersionists and sprinklers, Calvinists and Armi- 
nians, are all hand-in-hand. The ladies pursue their daily rounds, 
while the gentlemen assemble in one or the other of the churches, 
and unite in prayer from 9 o'clock in the morning until 5 o'clock 
in the afternoon. 



28 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

Logan's Gap. — -Three saloons were closed here by the 9th of 
February. 

Pomeroy. — Commenced Feb. 4 ; said to have 60 saloons in a 
population of 6,000. Several saloons have closed, and the work 
still progresses. One German saloonist told the women he would 
sell until God burned up the world. 

Middleport. — Commenced prayer in the streets on the 12th 
of February, and in one week 4 saloons surrendered. On the 
same day the prohibitory ordinance passed the council, which vir- 
tually ended the traffic. 

Blanchester. — Population, 600. Commenced February 2, 
and resulted in entire victory. 

Goshen. — Like the preceding village, Goshen's earnest women 
soon prevailed in banishing every saloon ; and when the last li- 
quor-seller surrendered, all the bells rung, children ran out of 
school, men and women left their homes bare-headed, and ran to 
join the praying-band, now so overjoyed at this grand result that 
they wept and embraced each other. In the last saloon, there 
was only one keg of beer left. One young woman knocked out 
the bung, and the pale and wan wife of a poor drunkard, amid the 
rejoicings of the multitude, held it over the gutter until every drop 
ran out. That night there was joy in every household and glad- 
ness in every Christian heart. 

Lancaster. — Population, nearly 5,000. Work opened here on 
the 10th of February, and the crusade is being pushed forward, 
though contending against a strong adverse sentiment. 

South Charleston. — On the same day with Lancaster prayer 
commenced here, and the 6 places where liquors were sold soon 
surrendered. 

Kenton.— Active and earnest from the first day. The 13th of 
February, a decisive victory was gained, and up to the 2d of 
March 10 saloons had surrendered and 2 were .closed by law 
Mrs. Newcome, of this place, arrested a drunken man in the streets 
while she was on picket-duty, and led him to the magistrate's office. 

Logan. — Population, nearly 1,000. Although about the 4th of 
February vestry prayers commenced in Logan, it was not until the 
1 2th that the siege opened, and 71 women, headed by Mrs. John 
Walker (wife of the President of the First National Bank), started 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 29 

out to match piety against sin, and after most earnest and persist- 
ent labor, the 20 saloons in the town were shut up. The men 
immediately formed a league to keep the traffic for ever out of 
Logan. 

Xenia. — Population, nearly 10,000, and 120 places where liquor 
was sold. This city, beautiful for situation, and the pride of South- 
ern Ohio, possesses peculiar interest, from the fact that at first it 
was supposed " the women's movement," while it was adapted to 
small villages, would never succeed in large towns and cities. 
The glorious successes of the noble women of Xenia demonstrat- 
ed the utter fallacy of this opinion. The women of wealth and 
refinement at once banded together under the leadership of Mrs. 
Col. Lowe, and through snow and rain steadily pursued their 
course, gladdened with glorious victories from the very start. 
The greatest achievement was the conquest of a Mr. Phillips, who 
kept a liquor-shop and gambling-den of the worst character. We 
will give, in the'language of an eye-witness, the account of the in- 
vestment and surrender : 

Special Correspondence of the Cincinnati Gazette, 

" Xenia, O., Feb. 13. 
" At the close of my letter yesterday, the women held the ' Shades of 
Death ' in close investment. It was agreed by the ladies to adjourn for din- 
ner, and so I announced ; but there was no adjournment. The determined 
women could not find it in their hearts to leave, and they did not until near 
five o'clock. Such as found it necessary to go home to their families did so, 
but were early back to the ' place of prayer.' 

" This saloon is in a brick house on the corner of Whiteman and Second 
Streets, having one door on each. Under the back room there is a deep 
cellar, where much of the gambling is carried on — quite out of sight. At 
first the women held their stations on the two sidewalks, but at length dis- 
covered a third door in the rear, through which some of those caught in the 
saloon had already made good their escape. This outlet was quickly occu- 
pied by the women, and so the place was surrounded. The keeper, Phillips, 
was not prepared for this, and came to the door and remonstrated vigor- 
ously ; but the response of the women came in the spiritual song, 
11 1 A charge to keep I have.' 
" In vain Stephen assured the women that their praying would do no good. 
They only sang the more fervently, 

144 To patient faith the prize is sure.' 
"A fiddle was played inside, and some dancing attempted, but this did 



30 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

not last long. Through a broken window the services outside were dis- 
tinctly heard inside. The proprietor sent for a glazier, and had the missing 
glass replaced. The faces of bloated white and colored men appeared 
at the windows side by side. 

" The representatives of six wholesale liquor-houses were here yesterday, 
offering the saloonists all the liquors they can make use of while the cam- 
paign lasts free of charge. 

" One of these gentlemen was in the ' Shades of Death ' wnen it was 
invested. About two o'clock he came to the front- door to tell the women 
that they were helpless and could do nothing ; that they did not know where 
their own sons and husbands might beat that moment. His own wife had 
no idea that he went to such places. An estimable woman of God began to 
pray for him, and, as he retreated through the door, they followed him in. 
Phillips came out about three o'clock, accompanied by his brother, to draw 
the crowd away. A part followed him across the street, but the siege was 
not lifted." 

"Xenia, O., February 19, 1874. 
"Just as I sealed my letter, I heard a great shout in the street, and soon 
after all the church-bells in the city commenced ringing. At the same time 
there arose a prolonged cheering from the Grangers' Convention, just across 
the street from the hotel, and it was evident that something unusual had 
happened. Going on the street for the news, I saw crowds of people 
thronging towards Whiteman Street, and heard on every hand in joyful 
accent, 'The "Shades of Death" has unconditionally surrendered/ The 
good news, as the temperance people considered it, proved true, and I found 
Whiteman Street thronged with people. At a little before three o'clock, as 
it appeared from the general account, Mr. Steve Phillips-, proprietor of the 
1 Shades of Death,' invited the ladies to^enter, and announced that he gave 
up everything to them, and would never sell anything intoxicating in Xenia 
again. Then the ladies, joined by the spectators, sang, 

" ' Praise God, from whom all blessings flow,' 

while the liquors were rolled into the-street. A half-barrel of blackberry 
brandy, the same of highwines, a few kegs of beer, and some bottles of ale 
and whiskey, were soon emptied into the street, amid the shouts of an enthu- 
siastic multitude. The leading lady then announced that if Mr. Phillips 
went into any other business in Xenia, they should feel it a duty to support 
him. A despatch was sent to the Grangers, eliciting three -cheers, and all 
the bells were set ringing in honor of the first great victory. When I arrived, 
the liquor had mostly collected in one depression in the street, and such a 
stench went up — ' a rank offence, that smelt to heaven ' — as made me think it 
a very fortunate thing for somebody's insidesthat the liquor had been poured 
out. Of the women around, some were crying, some laughing, a few alter- 
nately singing and returning thanks. One elderly lady in the edge of the 
crowd was almost in hysterics, but still shouting in a hoarse whisper such as 



The Women s Tempera7tee Movement 31 

one often hears at camp-meeting : ' Bless the Lord ! O-o-o, bless the Lord V 
She had the appearance of a lady in good circumstances, and a citizen 
informed me that she is ordinarily one of the quietest, most placid of women. 
One of her sons died "of intemperance, and another is much addicted to 
liquor. On every side nothing was witnessed but smiles, laughter, tears, 
prayers, hand-shakings, and congratulations." 

An old drunkard well known in Xenia followed the band 
around, and, when asked to sign the pledge, he said : " No, no ; go 
and pray with my wife and children. Close all the saloons, then 
I will sign ; for I cannot keep sober while a single saloon is open." 
Phillips, of the " Shades of Death," has opened a meat-market at his 
old stand, and is most liberally patronized. Xenia is said to be 
almost free from the traffic, and every Christian must rejoice 
with her happy citizens. 

Zaleski. — Five saloons in this small village were closed by the 
" work of faith and labor of love. ,, 

Troy. — After several successes gained by the women here, the 
council, on the 17th of March, adopted a prohibitory ordinance, 
which settles the whole matter when the public sentiment has 
been prayed into moral life by earnest women. 

Sidney. — Population, nearly 4,000, with 20 saloons. Up to the 
2d of March there were 5 surrenders, and earnest work is still 
being performed. Perseverance and piety will yet rid Sidney of 
the curse. 

Higginsport. — Four saloons were closed here by prayer-power 
early in March. 

Milford. — On the 15th of February, the Christian women com- 
menced action against the 12 saloons of Milford. 

Lebanon. — Of 3 places where liquor was sold, 2 were closed by 
a village law which prohibited drinking on the premises where sold. 
One — Wood's — sought to evade the law by selling in two-ounce 
bottles, but he was finally subdued by law and Gospel combined. 

Mount Vernon. — Population 6,000; saloons, 31. The 
1 6th of February marked the commencement of a glorious 
work in this enterprising city; for in the short space of 12 
days of prayer and persuasion, 23 saloons closed their doors, 
and, more than that, the saloonists not only pledged them- 
selves to forsake the business, but also agreed never to enter into 



32 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

it again. The Catholic priest here expressed his sympathy with 
the movement, and organized a society in his own communion. 
On the 2 1 st of February, Mr. McFeely, who kept the finest 
restaurant and billiard-hall in Southern Ohio, made a full surren- 
der. After rejoicing over this great victory, the women proceeded 
through the rain to the Commercial Hotel, where they found the 
white flag, the symbol of surrender, hanging out. After holy 
praise to God, Mr. McFeely and the proprietor of the Bergen 
House (which had surrendered a few days before) invited them 
to dinner, while the owner of one of the livery-stables sent hacks 
and omnibuses to convey them to their homes. This generous 
courtesy of those who had given up their business at the solicita- 
tion of the women was a token of the kindly feeling existing be- 
tween the parties. After Mr. McFeely gave up the traffic, he had 
an elegant motto put up in his dining-hall, inscribed with the sen- 
timent : " God bless our noble women." Only five places remain 
open now. 

Madisonville. — The struggle has been a hard one here. On 
the 19th of February, three separate saloon-keepers, as if by 
collusion, deluged their sidewalks with cold water; but the 
very neighbors tore up their carpets,, and sent them over to cover 
the pavements, that these true servants of Christ might comforta- 
bly kneel and pray for their persecutors. Hendel, a German 
liquor-seller, was very obstinate, and profanely told the women 
"he would not quit selling whiskey till hell froze over." 

Piqua. — Population, 5,697. The women are working here 
against great opposition, but are determined to press the siege 
daily. The Lutheran minister having advised the saloonists not 
to surrender, the praying sisters marched to his residence to pray 
; for him; but, as they entered his house, he incontinently fled 
through the back door. On the 20th of March the McConnells- 
ville prohibitory ordinance was passed by the council. Some of 
the topers prepared to move to Huntersville, but the women 
forestalled them, by closing the saloons there. 

Loveland. — Population, 500. On the 22d of February, 
the banded sisters of this village started on their crusade, and 
are still earnestly working and carrying the Gospel message to 
those who need it most. 



The Women's Temperance Movement. 33 

Delaware. — Population, about 6,000 ; saloons, 23. When 
the work first commenced, the leading citizens of this beauti- 
ful Athens of Ohio thought this new mode of securing moral 
results rather a doubtful one ; but, as it gained victory after 
victory, Delaware accepted this divine method of destroying 
intemperance, and now no city in Ohio is more heartily absorbed 
in the work than Delaware. They have gained several triumphs, 
and are still at work. Some eighty of the young men in the 
Wesleyan University having refused to sign the pledge, the 
young ladies formed a league of non-association with unpledged 
young men, which soon brought nearly all to terms. After the 
crusade opened, the saloon-keepers offered to pledge to sell no- 
thing but beer ; but the women were for thorough work, and re- 
fused the overture. Six to eight liquor-sellers have acceded to the 
terms of full surrender, and the work goes bravely on. Fortu- 
nately, the council passed the prohibitory ordinance, which will 
materially aid the women. Having tried the plan of sending out 
large companies, the Alliance finally reduced the number from 
60 to 4, with good effect. 

Circleville, with a population of nearly 6,000, had the large 
number of 85 saloons. Battling against public sentiment, and 
gradually correcting and changing it, the prayer-cure has thus 
far closed 9 saloons. Others will soon follow ; and the good women 
are not at all discouraged. 

Marysville commenced on the 28th of February, with a 
band of 132 women, whose zeal in the cause was speedily reward- 
ed by the entire surrender of all engaged in the unholy traffic. 

Millersburg. — Population, 2,500. Thirteen places where li- 
quors were sold as a beverage. The first meeting was held by 3 
drunkards' wives, who pleaded and wept together. The band grad- 
ually increased, and in a few days 8 saloons closed. 

Middletown. — Population, 3,046. About the last of January, a 
band of women was organized for operations against the 40 sa- 
loons in the town. A few have yielded ; and, with holy deter* 
mination, the women have decided not to rest till all are subdued. 

Nelsonville. — Population, 1,080. Ten saloons and 3 druggists 
who sell liquors. Some success has followed Christian effort 
here, and the crusade continues. A saloon-keeper's wife joined 



34 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

the Alliance here, but, while at the prayer-meeting, her husband 
called, and in great anger bade her go home. She left with tears 
in her eyes. 

Greenville. — Twenty-two saloons. Prayer is gaining the vic- 
tory slowly. 

New Lexington. — Population, 1,000. The labors of the wo- 
men began on the 12th of February; and out of 13 saloons, n 
have surrendered up to this time. 

Ashland. — After many days of prayer and holy effort, the sa- 
loonists meantime not yielding an inch, at length they sent a dele- 
gate to the prayer-meeting, asking how long the women intended 
to continue the crusade ; the reply sent back was, " God willing, 
until the last saloon in Ashland is closed." At nearly midnight, the 
five liquor-sellers came down to the main aisle, and, asking for 
the dealers' pledge, they all signed it ; whereupon all the bells in 
the town rung, and with one impulse the vast audience rose, and, 
amid tears and -rejoicing, sang, " Praise God, from whom all 
blessings flow." Drunkards' wives and mothers did not sleep 
that night for joy, and the whole town was one scene of excite- 
ment. 

Bellefontaine. — Population, 3,182; saloons, 14. Success at- 
tended Christian effort here from the first. On the 5th of March, 
a saloon-keeper entered the meeting then in progress, and, after 
signing the dealers' pledge, fell upon his knees, and besought the 
women to pray to God to forgive his many sins. Twelve saloons 
have surrendered, and the drayman's pledge, a new and original 
idea, has been signed by all the carmen, so that liquors are diffi- 
cult to transport here. 

Findlay. — Population, 3,315. There were 23 saloons here, 
and up to the time of the adoption of the prohibitory ordinance 
by the town council, on the 17th of March, 13 of these had sur- 
rendered, leaving 10 open, which will close through the opera- 
tion of the new law. The Christian citizens gave Mr. Rousel a 
supper to reimburse him for surrendered liquors, which netted 
the sum of $500. 

Upper Sandusky. — Population, 2,574. Seven saloons have 
been closed here, and $40,000 has been subscribed to carry on 
the holy war. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 35 

Frankfort commenced Feb. 16, and in two weeks prayer 
closed the five places where liquors were sold. 

Cadiz. — Here the work was prompt and effective ; three days 
of effort closed the four saloons. 

Cadiz, O., March 5. 

No more liquor to be sold here. Mr. John W. West, the last 
liquor-dealer here, who had $3,000 worth of liquor on hand, 
signed the pledge to-night. Great rejoicing. The temperance 
women, 250 strong, have been out but three days, and their pray- 
ers have been fully answered. The following pledge, written and 
signed by the largest liquor-dealer and saloon-keeper in Harrison 
County, has been handed to the president of the women's cru- 
sade in Cadiz, Mrs. W. Courtney Brown, which is worthy of a 
place in every paper in the nation : 

" I hereby agree to sell no more liquor. I make this sacrifice for the sake 
of my wife and child and the benefit of humanity, and ask God to lead me 
in the way of prosperity and happiness, and will trust in him to open some 
other channel of business that will support my wife and child. 

" W. H. McCoy." 

Shelby. — Success follows effort here, as the band is a spirited 
and determined one. They have said, " God helping us, we will not 
stop till every saloon is closed." Knitting committees have been 
formed here, who take their knitting, and make and darn their 
husbands' hose while they watch the saloons. 

McConnellsville. — Five saloons. The procession here was* 
led by an old Christian lady 70 years of age. On the 2d of 
March, a successful appeal was made to the officers of the steam- 
boat Mink to close the bar. The auxiliary of the prohibitory 
ordinance (which originated here) will make short work for the 
women. 

Eaton. — There is a large brewery here, and there were 10 
saloons ; but the women have, by divine help, closed 8 of them. 

Zanesville. — Population, 20,000. Governor Leggett stated at 
the meeting at Washington, D. C, that the 130 tippling-shops of 
this city were all closed. The prohibitory ordinance was adopt- 
ed by the city council on the 2d of March. 

Coshocton. — Feb. 21 inaugurated the crusade in a population 
of about 2,0.00, with 24 saloons. March 1, the first flag of sur- 



36 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

render greeted the women, and up to this date 17 have struck 
their colors. The Catholic priest gave the movement such 
sanction as his church would admit of, much to its advance- 
ment. 

Sandusky. — Population, 13,000. Earnest effort is making here 
to conquer the foe ; over 1,200 have signed the personal pledge, 
and one saloon has been closed. 

Dayton. — Population, 30,000. Only four or five surrenders 
have as yet been made in this important city, but the band of 
praying ones is steadily at work. 

Marysville. — Perfect success followed the movement. Com- 
mencing on Feb. 26, by the 3d of March all were closed. 

Cleveland. — Population, 90,000. This lake city was the scene 
of a vile outrage, perpetrated by low and debased men and 
women in the early part of the crusade ; but police protection, and 
protests against the dastardly attack on the part of the leading 
citizens, have resulted in unmolested visitation of saloons ever 
since; and on March 24, 150 women, in five bands of 30 each, 
visited the various sections of the city, and were respectfully 
received everywhere. 

Marion. — Population, nearly 1,000. Four surrenders have 
gladdened the hearts of Christ's temperance disciples. 

Toledo. — Population, 31,584, and 300 saloons. A formidable 
undertaking is that of the praying circle here, but their motto is 
" Entire destruction of the liquor traffic." 

Newark. — Population, 3,000. Said to have 50 saloons. Six sur- 
renders are all that are reported so far. We give an account of 
the work here : 

" Yesterday was the Ides of March in whiskey in Newark. It is as as- 
suredly inaugurated there as the Rebellion when the first red-hot ball leaped 
from Sumter's wall, and upon its panoply is already written, 4 Menetekel 
upharsin.' The Fort Sumter of the whiskey war was the first prayer pro- 
claimed from female lips at Washington Court House for the Great Father 
above, who presides over our destinies, to assist them to abolish that which 
has enervated the mightiest minds, and brought ruin and desolation to many 
a happy and prosperous family. Never shall I forget the touching and 
imposing spectacle that burst upon my view as I beheld, walking calmly, 
solemnly, and deliberately, over two hundred ladies, representing our best 
society, enshrined with silence and beautified by tears. The streets were 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 37 

crowded by thousands as they moved, and many a head was uncovered as 
the ladies passed, as if they had a special power from God. 

" Soon they stopped before one of our saloons, and the ladies were 
received there, as at other places, with politeness and consideration. Failing 
to get the signature of the proprietor to a petition, they knelt in fervent 
prayer, and, with eyes raised to heaven, asked the God of love to help them. 
There was in the attitude of those women, with eyes raised to heaven, some- 
thing far more powerful and touching than speech ; for even if God had turned 
a deaf ear to their earnest entreaties, yet in that attitude they would have been 
dignified. Men stood there, not in ridicule, that probably never heard a 
fervent prayer, with uncovered heads and tearful eyes, as if impressed that 
the angels of heaven were hovering above them. On several occasions, as 
our ladies took some of our saloonists by the hands, tears could be seen 
streaming down the cheeks of both men and women, and as eyes met eyes 
they dropped in reverence, as if to conceal their thoughts. Even a laugh at 
such a time seemed to jar discordantly on such enchanting silence, for they 
seemed, in that touching immobility, as if in communion with God. Laugh, 
as I have, ye that may read my letter, at its magic power; but when one 
reflects that it is our mothers, our sisters, our wives, that are praying, weep- 
ing, beseeching, and asking in the name of humanity, in the name of God, to 
overcome an evil that has ruined millions of the human race, and filled our 
jails and prisons, unless one be destitute of feeling, they cannot look upon 
such scenes unmoved. As the ladies passed a house yesterday, the husband 
stormed and the wife laughed ; but no sooner had that multitude of solemn 
women commenced to sing 

" l Nearer, my God, to Thee,' 
than the husband burst into tears, and, throwing his arms around his wife, 
he said : 'My dear wife, I cannot resist that song. I am now convinced 
that it is the power of God that moves that column. Go and join them, and 
may God bless you.' Bulwer says, ' The pen is mightier than the sword/ I 
declare that prayer uttered from female lips is mightier than the law. I hope 
that moderation and consistency may ever accompany these movements, and 
nothing transpire to mar their dignity or true nobility. The epoch that 
crowned this movement will never e forgotten. It is just in its infancy ; it 
will not only sweep over the Republic, but knock at all the doors of 
Europe for admission, and women will at last, by this movement, have 
an epitaph written upon that which is less perishable than marble— upon the 
hearts of untold millions — by the touching pencil of gratitude. Our women 
as I close, are again on the march. They have divided into squads, and 
their songs and prayers constantly fall upon the ear, thence to be borne 
aloft upon the invisible chords, and rehearsed to the courts of God by the 
heavenly harpists." 

Columbus. — Population, 31,274. The liquor-venders represent 
400 saloons; and in 7 weeks of earnest Christian labor, 7 have 



38 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

yielded. The others are stubborn, and resist all the gentle and 
tearful prayers and entreaties of the women. The Journal, a 
prominent paper here, battles spitefully against the revival ; while 
a Rev. Mr. Kellogg, an Episcopal clergyman, preaches against 
it. But Jehovah reigns, and opposition always helps a divine 
cause. 

Chillicothe. — Population, 11,000. The women have just f 
begun here, and will have a hard struggle with a strong opposing 
element and 130 saloons to close. 

Wooster. — Population, 5,419. The report is made that out of 
over 40 saloons, all except 5 have surrendered. The 4 largest 
closed first, end the others followed in quick succession. The 
praying band here numbers 330 women, and works with a will in 
the blessed cause. 

Bucyrus. — Population, 3,066. The movement commenced 
here about the middle of March, and but little has been done as 
yet. The men have pledged the sum of $30,000 to sustain the 
women. The German saloon-keepers here employed a brass 
band to follow the crusaders on their march, and play wherever 
they prayed. But the music-cure has no power on the women ; 
and the moral effect is intensified by the opposition. 

Cambridge. — Population, 2,193. Prayer and Christian love have 
closed 4 saloons in this town, and the owner of the brewery emp- 
tied his stock of beer into the creek. 

Tiffin. — Population, 9,000. There are 65 saloons here, and the 
women are just opening the campaign. One surrender has encour- 
aged them to persevere. 

Pleasant Plains. — At the very first appeal made to a saloon- 
ist, the women all wept, as did the liquor-seller, and his signature 
was secured immediately ; the saloons have all yielded. 

Lima. — Forty saloons are reported as existing here. Six are al- 
ready closed, and the others closely invested ; $62,000; has been 
subscribed as a guarantee fund. 

Elyria. — There are 16 saloons here, and the women are de- 
termined to close them all. The members of the German fire- 
company said, " No beer, no put out fire" ; but, if necessary, the 
women would rather man the engine themselves than submit to 
the reign of intemperance. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 39 

New Philadelphia. — Several saloons have yielded here. The 
women are full of zeal and faith. Two drunken men jumped 
over the kneeling women, and entered the saloon before which 
they were praying ; they were both arrested and fined, and the 
saloonist who sold them their whiskey was also fined the sum of 
12 50, and sentenced to five days in jail; whereupon he told 
the women he would surrender, if they would pay his fine and 
save him from imprisonment, which they did ; and he now heads 
their procession as they march to new victories. 

Berea. — Although just commencing in Berea, the crusade has 
proved a success, and 3 saloons have surrendered. 

Somerville has closed its saloons, and whiskey is only secured 
from the druggist through a physician, both of whom are under 
a stringent pledge. 

Clyde. — The women are fully organized, and one white flag 
has been flung to the breeze, and the expectation is of a perfect 
victory. While one of the women was pleading with Carroll, a 
saloon-keeper here, she referred to the fact that her boys were be- 
coming drunkards. " Oh !" said he, " I do not think I ever sold 
your boys any." "But," said the noble woman, with tearful em- 
phasis, "you sell to somebody's boys." 

Darrtown. — Population, 400. There were 4 saloons in the 
village ; 2 have, been closed, and 2 are still open. The women 
have enlisted for three years or the war. They will conquer. 

Mason. — Population, 450. The crusade is just commencing, 
with six saloons to close. 

Woodstock had 3 saloons, which were all speedily closed 
by the power of prayer. 

Hamilton. — Population, 11,081. The women are moving 
steadily onward in the holy work. In front of Lorenz & 
Kraft's saloon, 35 ladies were grossly insulted by a crowd of 
drunken Germans, and one man was knocked down by a by- 
stander while insulting one of the ladies. 

Marietta. — Population, 6,000. So far, earnest Christian love 
has closed up 7 out of the 57 saloons in this beautiful city ; it is 
hoped that all of these haunts of sin may speedily yield. 

Youngstown.— Peculiarly cursed with saloons, the wives and 
mothers of this city are banded solemnly together to utterly root 



40 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

out the traffic. Though just organized, 3 liquor-sellers have 
responded to their appeals and closed their saloons. 

Walnut Hills. — The women are full of zeal and hopefulness 
here. They have secured 1,500 signatures to the pledge, and 
closed 5 of the many saloons in the place. 

Norwalk. — The gracious work of revival has commenced 
here, and the band are following their Master in the Via Dolo- 
rosa of scorn and insult. On the 17th of March, while praying 
in front of Hundle's saloon, Mrs. Hundle dashed six pails of 
water among them ; and at Methaupt's, the drunken men in the 
saloon drank and spit their tobacco-juice on the floor among the 
kneeling women, while one drunken German made a mock prayer 
on his knees, drinking from a tankard of beer, and praying to 
God to always give him " blenty beer." 

St. Mary's. — Twenty-six saloons supply this village with alco- 
holic beverages. Prayer has closed 5 so far, and others are sure 
to follow. 

Galion. — Six surrenders so far, and, with quickened faith, the 
temperance women continue their work. 

Dennison. — There were 17 saloons here when the women 
organized ; now they are concentrating energy and faith against 
the 4 which remain unclosed. 

Ada. — This village, with the «musical name, has been made 
glad by the closing of 5 out of its 6 saloons. The end draweth 
nigh. 

Plymouth. — Not only have 5 saloons been closed by prayer- 
power, but the appeal to the town council has secured the pass- 
age of the prohibitory ordinance, which ends the sway of alcohol. 

Mansfield. — Population, 10,000 ; saloons, 150. This place 
ahas been the scene of most earnest effort, the anti-tem- 
fperance element being powerful and bitterly hostile to the 
movement. Only two saloons have as yet yielded. Rev. A. 
Magenhaur, the German Catholic priest, opposes not only this 
revival, but favors drinking in all its phases. 

Mount Vienna. — Five saloons are visited daily by the band 
of cross-bearing women. On one of our coldest days, they were 
out from six o'clock in the morning until eleven at night. At 
Irvine's saloon a tub of water was thrown on the pavement and 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 41 

over their feet; but the men took off doors and brought them, 
and also rolls of carpet, and placed them on the ice-covered pave- 
ment, so that the good sisters could kneel with comfort. 

"West Union had only 4 saloons in a population of about 
400. A strong public sentiment aided the women, and in a few 
days all were closed, and West Union is among the many towns 
which are entirely free from the rum traffic. 

Warren. — The women have here, as in other places, had theii 
faith tested by the insults of a drunken rabble. While going the 
rounds of the saloons, a beer-wagon followed them containing 
three Germans beastly drunk, drinking beer and offering it to the 
crowd ; the citizens finally drove them off, and threatened to stave 
in the heads of the beer-barrels. 

Felicity. — This little village had only one saloon, which the 
women determined to assail ; but the saloonist anticipating the 
raid, shipped his liquors to Cincinnati, and, when the band ar- 
rived, they found a barber's pole outside the saloon, and a woman 
scrubbing the floor, and not a barrel in sight. A wise saloon- 
ist he. 

Towns and Villages in which the saloons have all been 
closed other than those already mentioned : Corwin, Hanover, 
Fort Ancient, Yellow Springs, Woodstock, Mount Carmel, West 
Milton, Mechanicsburg, Milford Centre, Avondale ; Jeffersonville, 
3 closed in 3 days; Mount Sterling, Osborn, Alpha, Sunbury, 
Galena, College Corner; West Jefferson, 8 saloons; all the bells 
rang when the last yielded ; Darbyville, North Lewisburg, Belle- 
vue, Harmony Village. 

In many other cities and villages the movement is in progress, 
but it would only crowd these pages to mention them ; the most 
noteworthy places where the work is in progress have their 
record here, and, as the revival is just beginning to develop its 
power, we can only give its history in this its earlier period, 
leaving to the future a fuller account of its results. 

INDIANA. 

Early in January, the work of temperance revival commenced 
in Indiana. Shelbyville was the first place where the crusade be- 



42 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

gan, it holding the same relation to the movement in Indiana 
that Washington C. H. did in Ohio. The legal element here is 
more marked than in Ohio. The Baxter law is the great adjunct 
of the women ; hence in many places they devote themselves al- 
most exclusively to battling against the granting of licenses by 
the county commissioners. I 

This law provides that no man may keep a saloon or sell in- 
toxicating liquors until he has secured the signatures of a ma- 
jority of the voters in his ward or township to a petition asking 
for such saloon. He is required to furnish bondsmen, who shall 
be liable for any violation of the law on his part ; and, further- 
more, the property on which the liquor is sold is liable, as under 
the Adair law in Ohio. As may be readily seen, not one saloon- 
keeper in twenty can comply with all of these conditions and 
carry on a profitable business. 

In securing these petitions, dead men's names have been used, 
and those of men who never gave their consent to their use. 
Gross frauds are thus constantly practised in securing licenses. 
Nevertheless, this most excellent law has, in the rural regions, 
worked to a charm, and hundreds of saloons have been closed 
through its efficient provisions. 

Shelbyville. — This being the first place to start in the great 
work, we will devote the more space to its history here. Besides 
a distillery and a brewery, there were 15 or 20 rjlaces where 
liquors were sold as a beverage. The women organized early in 
January, and commenced operations at once on the Ohio plan, 
visiting the saloons regularly. 

After their first visits, they met and organized in the following 
form: 

" We, the undersigned ladies of Shelbyville and vicinity, do hereby or- 
ganize ourselves into a league to be called the Women's Temperance Union, 
for the purpose of suppressing the liquor traffic, and we solemnly pledge 
ourselves to use all just and honorable means in our power to accomplish 
this object." 

Among the hundred names already signed to this paper are 
those of Mrs. Elliott, wife of the President of the First National 
Bank, Mrs. Judge Wright, Mrs. Rev. G. P. Jenkins, Mrs. Dr. 
Green, Mrs. Professor Harrison, Mrs. Dr. Robins, Mrs. Dr. 




The Women s Temperance Movement. 43 

Parish, Mrs. Dr. Clayton, Mrs. Thompson, Mrs. Hattie Robins, 
Mrs. Sprague, Mrs. Lide Shaw, and Mrs. Cumback. All these 
are of the town's first people, as are all of those -actively engaged 
in the movement. 

The saloon-keepers, growing weary of their continual pleadings 
and processions, finally united in sending a legal protest against 
the crusade. , 

On Saturday afternoon, while the Alliance prayer-meeting was in 
progress, a quiet knock was heard upon the door; on opening, the 
Alliance was presented by the deputy marshal with a remarkable 
document, bearing the ear-marks of a legal gentleman. The signa- 
tures attached to this document have evidently been placed there 
by trembling hands — trembling, doubtless, with joy at the nearness 
of their deliverance ; for I presume the originators and signers of 
this remarkable document expected that it would produce more 
consternation among this band of praying women than did the 
handwriting upon the wall during a drunken revelry in other 
days. The paper reads as follows : 

\ To Mrs. John Elliott, President of the Shelby ville Womeris Temperance Al- 
liance, and to all others concerned : 

" You will hereby take notice that from this time henceforth, if the Tempe- 
rance Alliance, of which you are the President, either congregate on, near, 
or about our premises or places of business for the purpose of holding 
prayer-meetings or other meetings, obstructing the sidewalks or entrance to 
our premises or places of business, or in any manner interfering with our 
business, or in any way molesting us or our agents by your meeting, we, the 
undersigned liquor-venders and saloon-keepers of the city of Shelbyville, 
will hold you and your husbands liable in a civil action for damages result- 
ing to our business, trade, and avocation by your obstruction, interference 
and annoyance to us and to our business. This notice is to be considered 
in force from and after its reading. 

August Deprez, Silas Metzger, 

Milton J. Nickum, O. G. Keck, 

Robertson & Nickum, S. O'Connor. 

These noble women, who could pray so fervently, were equal to 
the occasion, and sent the answer on the next Monday : 

"Messrs. August Deprez, Milton J. Nickum, Robertson 6° Nickum, S. O'Con- 
nor, Silas Metzger, and 0. G. Keck : 
u Gentlemen : A letter directed to the ' Women's Temperance Alliance/ 

bearing your signatures, was received on Friday, the 6th instant. As our 



44 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

designs and desires seem to have been misunderstood by you, and as our 
watchwords are peace, persuasion, and. prayer, instead of threat, menace, and 
force, we beg you to accept our thanks for your letter, and to receive, in the 
kindly manner which dictates it, this reply. 

li Gentlemen, you threaten us. We answer in the kindness of our hearts. 

" You warn us to cease praying and singing in the vicinity of your saloons, 
because, as you suggest, it causes a loss of money to you. 

" Permit us to answer by saying that it is you who are destroying our pro- 
perty, consuming our resources, interfering with our peace, sapping our 
health, blocking up our sidewalks and streets with your drunken men, and 
putting us to tens of thousands of dollars' expense to restrain and punish 
the criminals you make. 

" Respectfully transmitted by the Women's Temperance Alliance. 

" Mrs. John Elliott, President. 

" Attest : Mrs. Mattie S. Thompson, Acting Secretary. 

" Shelbyville, Ind., Feb. 10, 1874." 

A twin brother of the above was served upon Mr. John Elliott, 
as the husband of Mrs. Elliott, President of the Alliance. It is 
hinted that, when the officer started for the place of meeting 
armed with this document, those whose names are attached 
placed themselves in a position so they could observe the doors 
of the church, expecting to see the ladies, panic-stricken, rush to 
their homes ; but instead of this, they knelt down and returned 
thanks to God that these men showed that they were afraid of 
prayer, and that it does interfere with our " said business.'' What 
course the women's Alliance will pursue I do not know ; but I do 
know that, now these fellows are scared, they will in some way 
press the matter the stronger, and I think woman's tact will find a 
way to reach their ears. 

Nothing daunted by the stubborn opposition of the rum interest, 
the women have steadily moved forward, and, by the combined 
power of love and law, they will yet free their beautiful little city 
from the unholy traffic. 

Madison. — Here without effort the saloons have been reduced, 
through the excellent Baxter law, from 44 to 26 in a single year. 
The women are in earnest, and are resolved that they shall all be 
closed. They have prepared two pledges: one for petitioners 
whose names are on dealers' applications to withdraw them, and 
the other to never sign a petition "while the earth lasts." 

Richmond. — Population, 13,000. Here the law is an auxiliary 






The Women s Temperance Movement. 45 

of the Gospel, and, while one band visits saloons, another stays 
at the court-house to oppose by their counsel and presence the 
granting a license to any man. 

At one of the public meetings, a mother of a noble boy arose 
and said, " If this reform succeeds, my son will never be a drunk- 
ard." This one remark reveals the secret of the intense feeling 
and earnestness of the mothers of our land in urging on this 
noble work. 

A gentleman also gave utterance to the dominant feeling among 
the Christians of Indiana when he said of the liquor-sellers : 
" We will give them every chance to yield gracefully ; then, if mercy 
don't succeed in winning them, justice must compel them to quit." 

One saloonist has yielded here, and others are expected to 
follow. 

Indianapolis.-— Meetings of great interest are being held here, 
and the city has been organized for the movement by wards. 
The women are at present using their influence against granting 
permits to sell by the county commissioners. 

New Albany. — The crusade has commenced, and saloons are 
regularly visited. At Rouff's saloon the band was insulted, but 
started again the next morning, more determined than ever to 
destroy every saloon in the city. 

Marion. — This place has just had a jubilee over the surrender 
of the last saloon. Cannons were fired, bells rung, and the whole 
town was alive with joyous excitement. 

Dunkirk. — The women met, and appointed a committee of 
twenty to enforce the provisions of the Baxter law. 

Portland and Muncie are working on the same plan as Dun- 
kirk — trying by legal means to destroy the enemy. 

Frankfort has a population of 2,500. The crusaders are 
well organized, and 4 saloons have already surrendered. All 
the voters, except 47, are pledged not to sign petitions for 
grog-sellers. 

Jeffersonville. — Almost spontaneously the women of this 
city rose against the great evil. They met, organized, and 
adopted the following preamble : 

" Whereas, We believe that a crisis has been reached in which due popu 
*ar sentiment demands the cessation of the liquor traffic ; that our object 



46 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

shaL be by moral suasion to induce liquor-dealers to abandon their busi- 
ness for their own welfare and that of humanity ; that, uniting our prayers, 
we will never cease pleading until our object is attained." 

Great solemnity has marked their efforts. They felt they were 
engaged in God's work, and that the only preparation needed was 
to be endowed with a strong and abiding faith in his promises. 
In the prosecution of their work, they have sought to reach the 
hearts of those with whom they have labored, avoiding, as far as 
possible, any effort at compulsion, or even annoyance. By so 
doing, they are convincing even the dram-seller that, while they 
war against the traffic, yet they desire to save the soul of the traf- 
ficker. Very few men, no matter how hardened, can listen un- 
moved to the beautiful songs and earnest prayers of these faithful 
Christian women. Oftentimes, as the memories of long ago — 
mayhap of a mother's prayers and tears — are revived, strong, 
hard-featured men are seen to weep like children, and to go away 
wondering what it could mean. In their solemn march, they 
have been compared to a funeral procession ; and well they may, 
for there are mothers there who mourn their first-born slain, and 
there are mothers, wives, and sisters who are pleading for the 
lives of those dearer to them than life itself. The results 
of the movement, so far, are a falling off in the traffic, a decided 
improvement in the moral sentiment of the community, and a 
general religious awakening. An appeal to the common council 
has just resulted in the passage of a bill raising the license fee to 
five hundred dollars. The despatch of the i\ssociated Press 
asserts that this course will drive some of the best German citi- 
zens to Louisville. We hope Louisville will follow Jeffersonville 
in assailing the rum traffic. The citizen who sells whiskey is always 
an injurious element in society. 

Columbus. — Here two surrenders have gladdened the cru- 
saders, and, inspired by that earnest but quiet Quaker spirit dom- 
inant in Columbus, they are steadily moving on to victory. 

Bluffton is happy in having closed the last saloon in the place. 

Princeton. — Here a fully organized band is working through 
the Baxter law, watching and praying both. 

Kokoma is blessed with a noble set of women, led by the 
earnest Quakeress, Mary Rogers. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 47 

Huntington includes tobacco in its work of reform. Bad 
as this nerve-destroying weed is, one thing at a time is best. 

North Vernon is full of determination. Witness this their 
enlistment-rule. The following is signed by forty-four ladies : 

11 We, the ladies of North Vernon, whose names are annexed, do hereby 
pledge ourselves individually that we will, God being our helper, prosecute 
the work already begun until the evil of intemperance is entirely banished 
from our midst." 

South Bend is working hard. Schuyler Colfax presided at 
a meeting, and gave words of cheer. Logansport, Cambridge, 
Evansville, and numerous other places have commenced the work. 
Valparaiso has been in the battle, fully equipped, for several weeks. 
All over the State temperance revival-fires are kindling, and the 
promise is of a brilliant campaign and most glorious successes. 
Indiana so far stands next to Ohio in this grandest movement of 
the age. 

ILLINOIS. 

The glorious work is gradually spreading through this State, 
and new places are so rapidly coming into line in the crusade 
that it is difficult to follow the movement. 

Chicago. — The women bore to the council chamber a peti- 
tion, containing 60,000 names, pleading for the closing of the 
tippling-shops on Sundays. Their petition was unheeded, and, 
unprotected by the police, they marched back to the church, 
attended by a mob of some 5,000 human hyenas, who insulted, 
jostled, and even spat upon them ; they bore it resolutely, and are 
determined to work on for life against the deadly evil which can 
so brutalize these creatures as to make them forget their man- 
hood. The city has been divided into four sections, and pledges 
are being prepared, and the women are getting ready for 
action. The women called on Mayor Calvin to request him to 
veto the Sunday liquor ordinance, but he absolutely refused. 

Oswego has been for some time engaged in the crusade. An 
Ohio tabernacle on wheels is in use, and conveys the women from 
one saloon to another. The Germans held a meeting here, and 
passed resolutions against God's work. 



48 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

Springfield is earnestly working in the crusade ; the lines of 
battle are being drawn closer, and before long triumph will cheer 
the band of Christ's workers who are laboring so faithfully. 

Galesburg and Metamora are both working, through the 
women, in circulating " No license " pledges. 

Pontiac. — Here the ladies asked the common council to stop 
the sale of rum, which kind request they not only refused, but 
applied to the mayor for extra policemen to protect the saloonists 
from the terrible crusaders ! 

Farmer City. — The women are organized here for legal and 
spiritual action combined. They exhibit great zeal, and have 
appointed committees to do thorough work. 

Dixon, Bloomington, Yorkville, Sparta, and many other places 
are in the field, and others will rapidly follow. We hope the time 
is not far distant when the noble State which gave us the martyr 
President will be as free from the curse of rum as the country, 
through his glorious emancipation proclamation, is from that 
other evil, slavery. 

MICHIGAN. 

Next to Illinois comes Michigan ; for all over the State the 
good work is commencing, and seems to be crowned with marked 
success everywhere. 

Adrian heads the list ; for here God has wrought a most blessed 
change. The women have a splendid organization and have 
adopted the patrol system, used with such marked success 
in many places in Ohio. Every saloon is watched by regu- 
lar guards from 8 o'clock in the morning till n o'clock at night. 
This virtually closes the saloons ; and though several have surren- 
dered, the women are fully determined to utterly uproot the traffic. 
Every source of power is made available. They had Mr. C. Baker 
arrested as a habitual drunkard, and Mrs. Tyler sued a saloon- 
keeper for selling to her son. Mr. Lawrence, of the Lawrence 
House, has made a full surrender. The students in Adrian 
College have nearly all signed the pledge, and every sign 
augurs well for the perfect success of the movement. All hail, 
Adrian ! 

Detroit. — There are 1,400 saloons in this chief city of Michi- 



The Womais Temperance Movement. 49 

gan, and yet the Christian women have fully organized, and are 
going to work with great zeal. A committee of 20 has been ap- 
pointed to visit the Governor, the Mayor, and the leading men of 
business, to enlist their aid in the battle against rum. The 
Women's Alliance here held a meeting March 27, and were ad- 
dressed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton. j 

Flint. — -The National Hotel has become a temperance housel 
through prayer and persuasion. Greatly encouraged, the women 
are pressing on to other victories. They are fully organized, and 
will doubtless, as in so many places, accomplish their work. 

Armada. — The women here are organized, and are holding 
mass and prayer-meetings, preparatory to moving on the enemy's 
works. 

Late advices from Manistee represent the interest as greatly 
on the increase. The last week in March, the work received a 
new impulse, and meetings are being held nightly. Hundreds 
have already signed the pledge, including many hard drinkers. 
Every druggist has signed the dealers' pledge. One saloon has 
already been closed, and others' are tottering. A free reading- 
room and coffee-house have been established. 

Allegan has been freed from the traffic. 

At St. Joseph, Sturgis, Jacksonville, Kalamazoo, Ann Arbor, 
Grand Haven, Grand Rapids, and other places, praying bands 
are at work. 

WISCONSIN. 

Milwaukee. — The ladies belonging to various churches in this 
city have held several meetings to consult upon the best plan of 
organization for the work. The second of these meetings was 
held at Spring Street M. E. Church. There were about one hun- 
dred present, and it was determined to at once circulate a total- 
abstinence pledge, and take such further action as maybe deemed 
advisable. Another meeting will be held on Friday afternoon, at 
four o'clock, in the Spring Street Congregational Church, to ma- 
ture the organization and determine upon a permanent plan of 
operations. An invitation to the ladies of the Catholic church 
to join in the movement was met by the response from one of the 
" fathers " that it was against the rules of the church for members 



50 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

to unite with Protestants in such work " as should call them into 
other churches." There was, however, one Catholic lady present, 
who, we suppose, will be taken to task therefor by her spiritual 
rulers. A good deal of zeal and determination is manifested by 
the women of this city. They declare they will keep steadily at 
the good work until they effect an inroad upon the evil business 
of liquor-selling. 

Fond du Lac. — A large and enthusiastic temperance meeting 
was held at Fond du Lac. " The hall was densely packed, at 
least one thousand persons being present; while the stage was 
occupied by several clergymen and a choir of forty or fifty sing- 
ers from the different churches of the city." Stirring speeches 
were made by Revs. Woodhead and Case, and others. The ac- 
count thus concludes : " A number of men, with pledges and pen- 
cils, went through the vast assemblage, and hundreds of signa- 
tures were obtained ; while, to keep the scene from becoming 
monotonous, the choir sang the grand old hymn of ' Coronation. ' 
The campaign is fairly opened. Look out for stirring times at 
Fond du Lac." 

Monroe. — At Monroe, Green County, great enthusiasm pre- 
vails. " Union meetings are being held in the various churches, 
and ministers of all denominations meet together upon a common 
platform, and speak in favor of the prosecution of the great 
reform. No meeting-house or hall in town is large enough to 
hold the people who turn out to attend these meetings." Over 
two thousand persons met in Turner's Hall last Sunday evening, 
and five hundred went away, being unable to obtain standing- 
room. A Catholic clergyman had hired the hall, and invited 
others to come. But the Turner's Association had made it a 
condition, in renting the hall, that there should be no other exer- 
cises than a lecture by the Catholic clergyman. The report says : 
" The consequence will probably be the building of another hall, 
as men of capital and enterprise pledged themselves at once to 
raise ten thousand dollars for that purpose within twenty-four 
hours. Two or three times that sum can probably be raised without 
difficulty, if needed." Reports of a similar character to the above 
come from several other towns in the State. All the indications 
are that there is a glorious temperance awakening in Wisconsin. 



The Women's Temperance Movement. 5 1 

Beaver Dam. — A resident writes : " Our people are beginning 
to get waked up on the temperance movement. Two general 
union prayer-meetings on the subject were held last week, and 
one ladies' prayer-meeting. This week there is to be a ladies' 
prayer-meeting every day and a union prayer-meeting every eve- 
ning. May God speed the cause !" 

Black Earth. — At a meeting of ladies, the following resolu- 
tions were adopted : 

" Whereas, Our temperance laws are openly and daily violated in our vil- 
lage, and vigorous efforts have not been made to enforce them ; therefore 
be it 

" Resolved, That we, the temperance women of Black Earth, form ourselves 
into a committee, whose duty it shall be to assist in searching out instances 
of violation of these laws, especially in regard to selling liquor to minors 
and habitual drunkards, and report such violation to those persons whose 
duty it is to prosecute the criminal. 

"Resolved, That we aid and sustain wives, mothers, and sisters in endea- 
voring to bring to justice those persons who are constantly placing tempta- 
tion before their loved ones, thus bringing disgrace and ruin on themselves 
and all connected with them." 

Kenosha. — At Kenosha, a large temperance meeting was held. 
" About fifteen ladies, representing the Women's Temperance 
League, were on the platform. Mr. John Nicoll, one of the true 
temperance men of this community, presided, and the audience 
was addressed by Rev. Geo. F. Whitfield, Mr. John Nicoll, Alder- 
man E. G. Durant, Mr. James Watson, Mr. A. S. Edwards, Rev. 
H. M. Simmons, and Mrs. K. D. Wheeler. Enthusiasm ran 
high during some of the speeches. The ladies circulated a 
pledge among the legal voters, requiring each subscriber to use 
his vote and influence in choosing temperance men for city offi- 
cers at the coming election. There is a general shaking up of 
the dead bones in the city, and the temperance people are very 
determined in their work, and not less confident that they will 
accomplish a permanent good for the cause." 

Waupun. — At Waupun, organizations are on foot, and the 
ladies promise active work. Brandon has been divided off into 
districts, and petitions are in circulation to the 'only saloon-keeper 
of the place to quit. Aside from these petitions, the force of effort 
is directed to securing no-license boards in the coming elections. 



52 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

Reedsburg. — The women of this place are moving in the 
liquor crusade. A saloon-keeper made a violent attack upon 
temperance people a few weeks ago through our village paper. 
It brought out some plain talk to him and against the liquor 
traffic through the Free Press. He rejoined, and replies followed 
which evidently intimidated him and others in the business. 
Some of our praying women met for prayer and conference. 
They were deeply moved to cry to God for help and gain encour- 
agement from his word in efforts to dry up the liquor traffic and 
rescue its victims. They adopted a pledge of fidelity to each 
other and of work in the cause, and obtained 193 signatures to it 
in three days. One young lady of the working committee visited, 
alone, the various saloons to talk with the keepers and ask their 
wives to sign the pledge. One of them told her that he should 
surrender his license and go upon a farm. A Woman's Tempe- 
rance Union has been formed, and a platform of principles and 
measures adopted: 1st, to unite all the women in the region who 
can be reached to work in the cause ; 2d, to obtain pledges from 
all men and boys, including saloon-keepers, to abstinence from 
liquor, and work in the cause ; 3d, to see that the provisions of 
the Vogel law are rigidly enforced. A large and efficient com- 
mittee is now at work securing pledges from men and boys. 
They intend to beard the lion in his den by arguments and en- 
treaties with liquor-sellers to give up their business. Great 
excitement and enthusiasm is awakened through the town. 

Whitewater.— The Whitewater temperance people expect to 
carry the spring election on the issue of license or no license. 

Oshkosh has entered the field, and the women are visiting the 
saloons. After prayer, before one of the tippling-shops, a pack- 
age of tracts which was placed on the floor was rudely kicked 
into the street. 

At the recent village election held in Viroqua, Vernon County, 
the anti-license ticket was elected by a large majority. 

The ladies have organized for temperance work in La Crosse, 
and are now engaged, through their committees, in circulating 
the pledge through the various wards. 

Ripon is organized for action, and, in the smaller cities and 
villages throughout the State, the good work is commencing. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 53 

IOWA. 

Dubuque. — The two saloons on Findlay's Block have been 
notified to quit the premises on the first of May. 

Davenport. — The women here are organized under the name 
of the Women's Progressive Temperance Society. They profess 
to rely entirely on God for success, and are arryaing for a vigor- 
ous crusade. Mrs. Fawcett, Mrs. McGonigal, Mrs. Miller, Mrs. 
Tuomey, and Mrs. Archer constitute the energetic executive 
committee. The object of the association is twofold — to destroy 
intemperance by law and love. 

Clarinda is successfully laboring in the ranks. Much 
power attends the band as they invest the saloons. The follow- 
ing amusing incident is told of the work here : 

" A clergyman at Clarinda was away from home when the crusade began. 
He returned in the evening, and saw his wife standing at the bar of a saloon 
singing as loud as she could yell. He supposed she was drunk, and enter- 
ing the saloon, the tears rolling down his face, he said : " Come home, wife ; 
you have ruined me. Drunk — drunk — drunk !" 

Muscatine is in earnest. Meetings have been held, and all 
the steps which ensure success have been taken. Saloons are 
visited every day, and solemn song and holy entreaty is heard 
where the obscene jest and profane oath were once so common. 
Mr. Fitzgerald, of Muscatine, was absent from his saloon when 
the ladies visited it. When he returned and found that they had 
been grossly insulted, he gave his bar-keeper a sound drubbing. 

At Waterloo the women are at work on the Ohio plan. 

Burlington and Manchester take their places also in the 
good work, together with very many villages throughout the 
State. Enthusiastic temperance meetings are being held every- 
where, and the tide is rising. 

MARYLAND. 

Baltimore is at present turning its energies toward the local- 
option law. The women, however, are as active as the men in 
the campaign. On March 30, an enthusiastic mass-meeting was 
held in the Caroline Street M. E. Church. Rev. Dr. Bates and 
Others delivered addresses. A large delegation of men and ear- 



54 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

nest women visited Annapolis, chartering a steamboat for the 
purpose, and presented a petition in favor of local option. After 
having their petition read in the House of Delegates, they prayed 
in the hall, and sang, " Praise God, from whom all blessings flow." 
Though the bill met with defeat in the Legislature, still tempe- 
rance sentiment is on the increase throughout the State. 

Cumberland, Hagerstown, and some of the small towns in 
the vicinity of Baltimore are in motion. T. C. Evans, S. L. 
King, Miss Emma J. Steel, Mr. Reed, Rev. Thomas Myers, 
Rev. T. L. Poulson, and many other prominent Good Templars 
are working for "local option." The Catholics of Baltimore are 
also displaying unusual zeal in behalf of the same law. 

DELAWARE. 

Little Delaware has always held a front rank in the temperance 
war, and we are not surprised to hear that she, too, is moving in 
the good work. The interest throughout the State is steadily 
rising, and meetings full of vim and power are being held. 

Newport. — An enthusiastic meeting to promote the cause was 
held in the M. E. church here. Rev. Mr. Riggs, the pastor, and 
R. M. McDonnell, Esq., of Wilmington, delivered addresses. It 
is expected that the women will organize at once, and proceed to 
assail the saloons in the town. 

Wilmington. — The women of this large city are actively en- 
gaged in the crusade. They are well organized, with the usual 
committees, and are working on the Western plan, circulating 
personal, dealers', physicians', property-holders', and druggists' 
pledges. All the druggists but one have signed the pledge, and 
several rumsellers express a desire to give up their business, if 
they can only find other employment. These successes in Wil- 
mington are prophetic of the success of the work throughout the 
State. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Philadelphia. — The women of this city have been working as 
a temperance alliance with great earnestness, mainly in the circu- 
lation of the pledge and in trying to educate public opinion. A 
great victory was gained here early in March, An appeal was 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 55 

made for the enforcement of the Sunday liquor law, and the Court 
of Common Pleas decided that the saloons should be closed, 
which resulted in the issue by the mayor of the following pro- 
clamation as soon as the ruling of the court was made known : 

" March 7, 1874. 
" to all whom it may concern : 

c< In consequence of the interpretation this day placed by the judges of the 
Court of Common Pleas upon the act of Assembly of 1855, relative to the 
sale of intoxicating liquors on Sunday, notice is hereby given that orders 
have been issued to the police force to aid in bringing the violators of its 
provisions to justice. All good citizens are earnestly invited to co-operate 
with the authorities in enforcing the law. 

" By order of the Mayor. 

" Kennard H. Jones, Chief of Police!' 

Orders to the police were given by telegrams to the various 
lieutenants from the central station, as follows : 

" Lieutenant : Direct your men to see that all taverns and drinking- 
saloons are closed to-morrow. Any found open and doing, business, the 
officer will appear at the Central on Monday morning for the purpose of 
swearing out a warrant. If any places are reported being open, the officer 
on the beat will be held responsible. Officers are to note particulars. 

" By order of- the Mayor." 

Whether from the effect of the mayor's proclamation and his 
expressed intention of enforcing the law vigorously, or whether 
as a responsive result of the action of the Liquor-dealers' Protec- 
tive Association, the drinking-saloons in the city were on Sunday, 
without exception, closed up tight, there being very little " side- 
alley " or " back-door" patronage extended any of the saloons. 
As a consequence, the streets were very quiet and orderly, and a 
direct benefit of the enforcement of this law was the gratifying 
absence of the brawling sounds which have in the past emanated 
from many taverns and beer-saloons, disturbing the otherwise 
solemn quiet of the day. But few arrests were made for drunk- 
enness throughout the city — probably not a fourth of those which 
generally take place. In the Second and Third Districts but few 
inebriates were locked up. In the Fourth District there were 
but four, and in the Eighteenth but ten. 

On Sunday, March 8, a temperance mass-meeting was held at 
-the Assembly Buildings, under the auspices of the Women's Tern- 



56 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

perance Praying Band. The audience present was not so large 
as was expected ; yet the services were characterized by that 
spirit and enthusiasm which is calculated to inspire others with 
an interest in the work, and to continue the inroads which are to 
be made in the liquor traffic in that city. The meeting was 
opened with singing and prayer, after which Dr. H. Leech made 
a few remarks. He advocated total abstinence, and claimed that 
moderate drinkers could not be faithful Christians. 

Mrs. Dr. Elizabeth J. French was then introduced, and made 
an earnest and excellent address. She said : 

" We are here this afternoon to celebrate a grand and solemn epoch in 
the history of Philadelphia. This day represents what every one of the 
week ought to be — a day with closed bar-rooms and saloons. We have 
thus succeeded in shutting up those dens of iniquity for fifty-two days in 
the year. One-seventh of time has been gained. Sobriety is all that is 
needed to make the citizens of the United States first in art, science, litera- 
ture, and mechanics ; but rum makes us paupers, invalids, and maniacs. 
Men who have the strongest arms and most generous hearts are those who 
are total abstainers. In epidemics, the drunkards, who are depleted and 
exhausted, are mowed down and swept away, while temperance men are 
able to resist the influence of disease. When the cholera attacked the 
city of New Orleans in 1848, it was found by the death-rate that the first 
who fell victims were those whose constitutions had been broken down by 
the use of liquors. Tonics and bitters, which contain a large amount of al- 
cohol, were branded by the speaker as a means by which the seeds of 
drunkenness are spread broadcast through society. 

"Alcohol is always injurious to the human system, and should never be 
given in any form as a prescription. The women intend to continue 
their work unceasingly. They propose to ascertain the number of 
church members, in full communion, who are carrying on the liquor 
traffic, either personally or by renting their property for that purpose, 
and then to plead with them, in the name of God, to give up the business. 
They will also find out who it is that sells liquor to our minors, which is an 
illegal act. It is computed that one-third of the drinkers in this city are not 
twenty-one years of age, and that, if the law on this point is enforced, the 
number of drinkers will be materially decreased." 

The good work is progressing slowly in Philadelphia. Vast mul- 
titudes attend the many meetings held in the city. Daily prayer- 
meetings are held, and the women are on their knees often, seek- 
ing direction and guidance from above. The signs of good re- 
sults ere long are many and hopeful. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 57 

Pittsburg. — Great interest has been exhibited by Pittsburg 
women in the movement. Close to Ohio, and in constant inter- 
course with people from the redeemed region, a desire to emulate 
their successful sisters seems to animate them. They are coun- 
selling and praying, and are following in the footsteps of the Phil- 
adelphia women in demanding the closing of the liquor-saloons 
on the Sabbath. With a large foreign population, the work here 
will meet with much opposition. 

Warren is at work through law, and fifteen liquor-dealers have 
just been indicted for violating the local-option law. The battle 
was too hotly contested, when the law was. secured, to permit it's 
violation with impunity. 

Towanda. — The women's movement has commenced here, and 
daily prayer-meetings, the sure precursors of the anti-alcohol 
revival, are being held, and the good women of this city are full 
of fervor and are very hopeful. 

Tunkhannock is aroused, and many other places are commenc- 
ing their work for Christ and temperance. 

NEW YORK. 

Soon after the movement began in the West, a quick- 
ened interest was observable among the temperance people 
in the great commercial emporium of the land. Fair reports 
were given in the daily journals, and editorially it was treated 
with respect. The interest gradually increased, until several 
large meetings had been held. The Board of Managers of the 
National Temperance Society and Publication House issued a call 
for a meeting of the clergy of New York city. A large number 
attended, and Rev. Dr. S. Irenaeus Prime, of the New York Ob- 
server, was elected chairman, and J. N. Stearns, of the National 
Temperance Society, secretary. A series of resolutions were then 
presented by Rev. W. C. Steel, and, after discussing the whole 
matter, a committee was appointed, consisting of the following 
clergymen : Rev. Drs. J. Hall, G. H. Hepworth, H. Crosby, C. 
F. Deems, PI. D. Ganse, and C. D. Foss, Revs. W. T. Sa- 
bine, W. C. Steel, J. B. McCullough, and G. Halsey Moore, to 
whom all resolutions were submitted. At a subsequent meeting, 



58 The Women s lemperance Movement. 

resolutions were presented and adopted, of which the following 

were the most important : 

" Resolved, That, recognizing the influence for good or evil given in this 
matter to women, the} r be invited to associate themselves together for the 
promotion of the temperance cause, and that a central union be formed, con- 
sisting of two members from each congregation, with local auxiliaries. 

" Resolved, That Christian women be, and hereby are, urged to employ all 
the time and energy they can afford from domestic and other duties in in- 
structing, persuading, and influencing their neighbors, in all Christian 
ways, in favor of consistent and intelligent temperance." 

Some of the more radical temperance clergymen on the com- 
mittee thought it best to so phrase these resolutions that they 
would represent both conservative and more advanced and cor- 
rect sentiment on the subject. But the earnest temperance men 
and women, together with very many ministers, protested against 
the whole action, and asserted that there could be no compromise 
where essential moral truth was concerned. Very soon protests 
were most distinctly uttered all along the line. At a meeting 
held in Rev. Dr. Bottome's church, under the auspices of the 
Sons of Temperance, Rev. Messrs. Boole and Steel expressed 
distinctly their disapproval of the compromise. J. N. Stearns 
offered the following resolution, which was passed unanimously : 

" Whereas, Drunkenness comes from drinking, and drunkards grow from 
moderate drinkers ; and 

. " Whereas, True temperance consists in the moderate use of all good 
things, and total abstinence from all bad things ; therefore, 

" Resolved, That ' all consistent and intelligent temperance ' demands total 
abstinence from all intoxicating liquors as a beverage." 

The Methodist preachers' meeting, also, by most decided 
action, recorded its views in favor of " total abstinence " : 

" Resolved, That we most emphatically affirm our full belief in the princi- 
ples of total abstinence from all intoxicating beverages, as affording, first, 
the only safety ; second, the only effective example ; third, the only basis for 
any radical, permanently successful temperance movement. 

'* Resolved, That, while we long for and continually. work toward legisla- 
tion entirely prohibiting the liquor traffic, we will yet use our best endea- 
vors to secure the limitation of that traffic by the enforcement of existing 
laws, and the enactment of such additional laws, looking toward the final 
result we seek, as a more enlightened public conscience will sustain. 

M Resolved, That, recognizing in the spontaneity of the movement in the 



The Women's Temperance Movement. 59 

West one of the chief signatures of its divine leadership, we deem it inex- 
pedient for us to propose to the women in this vicinity any scheme of spe- 
cific measures, yet that we pledge our hearty co-operation in any such judi- 
cious plans, under divine guidance, they themselves may devise." 

Immense and enthusiastic meetings have been held in many of 
the churches of the city, and regular daily prayer-meetings have 
also been held in the Forsyth Street, Seventeenth Street, and 
Twenty-fourth Street M. E. churches. Harlem has been at work 
under the leadership of several of its earnest pastors, Revs. W. 
W. Bowdish, G. H. Virgin, G. Halsey Moore, and others working 
in the good cause. Dr. Dio Lewis has twice visited the city, and 
for days, without fee or reward, did yeoman service in the good 
cause. The National Temperance Society has been a most effi- 
cient auxiliary in promoting the crusade, not only in New York, 
but throughout the country. Its well-selected list of books for 
library, centre-table, tract visitation, and Sunday-school was just 
what the workers needed ; and, through the magnetic energy and 
business ability of J. N. Stearns, Esq., the Publishing Agent, it has 
become one of the great centres of moral action in this crusade. 
Its publications on every phase of the question have been scat- 
tered broadcast for years over all the different States. More than 
forty millions of pages have been distributed, and have greatly 
aided in creating the public sentiment all over the land. Small 
parties of women have for some weeks quietly and unostenta- 
tiously been visiting druggists, grocers, and saloonists in the city, 
and some degree of success has thus far crowned their labors. 
The result in the city cannot be duly estimated. Moral forces 
are not always seen in their mighty workings ; but thousands 
here, and also in other cities where no holy women patrol the 
streets or visit saloons, have given up the ruinous habit of drink- 
ing ardent spirits as a beverage. A living light is shining on 
the public mind throughout our land, and " our God is marching 
on." 

The Committees of Two each from Forty Churches in New 
York city have formed a " Woman's Temperance Union" upon the 
basis of " total abstinence from all that intoxicates " ; and elected 
Mrs. Rebecca Collins president, Mrs. E. H. Brown vice-president, 
and Mrs. Rulefson secretary. 



60 The Women's Temperance Movement. 

One of the reporters called upon many of the liquor-dealers of 
the city, and reports that the sales by retail have fallen off fully 
forty per cent. Many leading men like Hon. Rufus F. Andrews 
and Hon. Chauncey Shaffer have entered the ranks of tempe- 
rance, and are battling against the common foe. The Sons of 
Temperance and the Good Templars are working hard, and every 
man is at his post. It is earnestly hoped that, before long, yet 
greater results will be realized here from the crusade. 

Dr. Crosby, Chancellor of the University, saddened his 
brethren and strengthened his enemies by preaching a sermon 
against total abstinence. 

k BROOKLYN. 

Brooklyn, the City of Churches, entered into tbe movement at 
once with zeal and fervor. Fortunately for the cause, the Wo- 
men's Temperance Society of Brooklyn had been in existence for 
several years ; and when this society heard the distant echo of 
the bells in Western cities ringing out Intemperance and ringing 
in Sobriety, they immediately inaugurated measures for securing 
to their own city the benefits of the new movement. 

Under the auspices of this society, pledges were circulated, 
prayer-meetings established, and mass-meetings held in several 
of the churches. The meeting held in Dr. Cuyler's church, 
where its heroic pastor has so long labored and done noble work 
for the cause, was on fire with enthusiasm. Dr. Cuyler, Dr. Dur- 
yea, Rev. Emory. J. Haynes, Miss Smiley, and Rev. W. C. Steel 
spoke. The vast edifice was densely packed with people. Reso- 
lutions expressive of full sympathy with the women's movement 
were passed, and the work of trying to save Brooklyn from the 
rum-curse was commenced. This meeting was rapidly followed 
by others in Hanson Place Methodist and Hanson Place Baptist 
Churches, etc. Dr. Dio Lewis was present at these meetings, and 
urged immediate action against the traffic. The -Women's Tem- 
perance Union also engaged most zealously in the work, starting 
a daily prayer-meeting ; and with such earnest women as Mrs. El- 
well, Mrs. W T ilder, and Mrs. Johnson, the work has moved on 
with considerable power. On the 15th of March, prayer was held 
in a saloon kept by Charles Meyers, on Bridge Street. Through 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 61 

the kind and gentle persuasion and prayers of the women, Mr. 
Me} T ers agreed to close his saloon, and is now at work in the 
temperance ranks, and is about opening a holly-tree inn or tem- 
perance restaurant. This was the first trophy of the campaign, 
and cheered the band much. The women of Brooklyn are 
actively laboring in the saloons, and circulating the personal 
pledge and the grocers' and druggists' pledge. The indications 
are, from the great religious fervor exhibited- in the meetings, that 
the work in Brooklyn will be permanent. The band is not satis- 
fied -with merely working in the saloons and urging the signature 
of the pledge. We append an account of other work performed 
by them : t 

"DELEGATES FROM THE UNION PRAYING BAND CONFER WITH THE MAYOR 

AND COMPTROLLER. 

" Mayor Hunter and Comptroller Shroeder were visited yesterday by Mrs. 
William Richardson and Mrs. Wilder, active members of the Union Praying 
Band, at the City Hall. The ladies complained that the excise law was not 
enforced, and liquor-dealers were permitted to deal out their poison on the 
Sabbath day ; the side doors are left open. The Comptroller suggested that 
the praying band could enter the saloons and get evidence, and make com- 
plaint before a magistrate. He was of the opinion that, by continuous as- 
sault on the saloons, the good ladies would eventually succeed in banishing 
many of them from the trade, in order to escape the annoyances and inter- 
ferences at the hands of the fair crusaders. Gentlemen were not likely, how- 
ever, Mr. Schroeder believed, to take the same interest in the movement as 
the ladies. 

" Mayor Hunter was of the opinion that something might be done by 
reducing the number of licenses, when the Comptroller remarked that the 
ladies were bent upon eradicating the evil entirely. There was no country 
where there were so many liquor-stores as in America, and this fact in- 
creased the use of strong drink. 

" Mrs. Wilder suggested the propriety of getting up a petition to have all 
licenses revoked ; but the financial officer of the city demurred, as the pro- 
hibitory law of Massachusetts had only tended to increase drunkenness. 

" The Mayor said he would help them to reduce the licenses ; he was not 
in favor of substituting ■ light wines,' as the idea came from a German. 

" Mrs. Wilder said the German lager-beer sellers are the hardest fellows 
to deal with. They say : ' Get away from here ; we don't want your 
prayers.' 

" Mrs. Richardson remarked : ' They don't believe in the Bible or any- 
thing else.' 



62 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

" The Mayor promised to aid them in reducing the number of licenses, 
whereupon they withdrew, with the determination of calling upon the Com- 
missioners of Excise and Police." 



THE FIRST MASS-MEETING — A HEARTY AND VIGOROUS DEMONSTRATION — 
SPEECHES BY THE REV. DR. CUYLER, THE REV. DR. DURYEA, AND OTHERS. 

The temperance mass-meeting in the church of the Rev. Dr. Culyer, in 
Brooklyn, called out one of those assemblages which seldom gather at 
any season removed from the excitement of a political campaign. Long 
before the appointed hour, the audience-room of the Lafayette Avenue 
Presbyterian Church was crowded, every standing-place being occupied as 
well as every seat. Soon, too, the Sunday-school room was filled, and yet 
hundreds came to the entrances, and were obliged to go away disappointed. 
This meeting was notable for several reasons. In the first place, it was 
called and wholly arranged by the women of Brooklyn, who, through com- 
mittees, visited every minister in the city, and invited their co-operation and 
assistance, and thus secured united action and a healthful enthusiasm ; and 
yet, while assuming the responsibility of the success or failure of the 
meeting, they did not court notoriety, but, on the contrary, resolved that 
after the audience should be assembled, the meeting should be in the hands 
of the ministers. This programme was followed out, except that, at the 
urgent request of Dr. Cuyler, Mrs. Elwell read the resolutions, and Miss 
Smiley spoke very briefly. It was notable also in another respect. It is 
well known that the ministers of New York and Brooklyn hold various 
views on the subject of temperance, some favoring the most extreme mea- 
sures — total abstinence, absolute prohibition, and a prohibitory party in the 
State and country — and others regarding the use of wine in moderate quan- 
tities as perfectly consistent with the spirit of the Bible and the aims of the 
Christian religion. It will be remembered that two years since two of the 
most prominent of Brooklyn ministers were engaged in a discussion of 
the principle of total abstinence, the Rev. Dr. Cuyler taking strong grounds 
in favor of the principle, and the Rev. Dr. Duryea claiming that a moderate 
use of wine was not opposed to the Bible teaching or to the safety of society. 
Dr. Cuyler presided at last evening's meeting, and the Rev. Dr. Duryea 
made one of the most effective addresses. Nothing could 'indicate more 
clearly the unanimity with which the present movement has begun in 
Brooklyn. 

In the audience were the majority of ministers of the city, and representa-' 
lives from the various temperance societies. Letters were read from the 
Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, the Rev. Dr. Fulton, the Rev. Dr. Talmage, and 
the Rev. Dr. Budington, expressing hearty sympathy and regret that they 
were unable to be present. 

The Rev. Dr. Cuyler made the opening address, in which he referred to 
me grand results of the woman's movement in the West, and read the state- 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 63 

ment, made in yesterday's Tribune, of the number of liquor-stores already 
closed in Ohio and Indiana. Then, in an eloquent appeal to all Christians 
and true citizens of the city and State, he urged that they all move together 
to overthrow the cause of so much sorrow and crime, and closed by declar- 
ing the key-note of the movement and of the meeting to be " Prayer, per- 
suasion, and praise." 

The Rev. W. C. Steel, of Beekman Hill Church, then spoke, and was 
followed by the Rev. Emery J. Haynes. Mr. Ault, the reformed drunkard, 
gave an interesting account of how he came to be a drunkard, and of the 
influences which produced his reformation. The Rev. Dr. Duryea spoke as 
follows : 

One of the grandest sights that a man can look upon is the human soul 
thoroughly aroused in all its passion and its powers. The human body 
never so appears the noblest work of God as when the soul is aroused with 
might}'' energy within it ; and when at once multitudes are fired, and every 
form is strained and every eye glances to show it, then there is something 
not only grand, but solemn, as when thousands of men were in Union 
Square during the war-time, and the men could not keep their feet with en- 
thusiasm. What is it that sends simultaneously a mighty impulse over 
whole States, until men, women, and children are lifted to demonstrations ? 
Whence, but from the Being who is as broad as space? This movement 
will result in immediate and in ultimate good. We can discuss the proper 
materials and exact composition of powder in time of peace, and test 
cannon at Sandy Hook when there is no war ; but when the conflict 
presses, we want to use the powder and guns to shoot. There is, in time 
of general excitement, an advantage on the side of truth, and right, and 
purity. Some men are afraid of excitement — certain things never can be 
accomplished on the mind and character and heart of man without excite- 
ment. Where there is excitement you can get the attention of man ; with- 
out attention you cannot persuade him. The excitement has produced at- 
tention. The newspapers are giving the record of this movement a space 
that you could not purchase for thousands of dollars for advertising. In 
times of excitement, that part of the mind beneath the judgment and 
beyond reason is sympathetic. When men are aglow with feeling, their 
hearts are like wax under the sun, soft, impressible ; and then you may 
strike, and leave a mark that cannot be effaced. There is a subtle sympathy 
between man and man, and neighborhood and neighborhood, and commu- 
nity and community, that makes attempts at good be welcome in times of 
excitement for the masses. We have this advantage : the mind of the 
American people attends their hearts, excited through sympathy. Now is 
the time to go to work. 

Resolutions were then read, which had just been adopted by the Brooklyn 
Young Men's Christian Association, to the effect that since the Board of 
Aldermen had recently leased a room over one of the largest liquor-stores 
in the city, the earnest protest of the Association be made against any 



64 The Woptens Temperance Movement. 

branch of the city government occupying, for any purpose whatever, 
buildings owned by liquor-sellers. The chairman put these resolutions to 
a vote, and they were unanimously passed. Mr. Morton presented a series 
of resolutions which he said came from the male citizens of Brooklyn, and 
which expressed sympathy with the ladies in this movement. These were 
passed. 

Miss Smiley, who had been standing during the evening at the foot of the 
pulpit-steps, was then introduced by Dr. Cuyler, who expressed himself 
greatly pleased to welcome her a second time to that pulpit. Miss Smiley 
then briefly described the good results of the movement out West. She had 
resolved not to speak in public except on the Gospel of Christ, and she 
had at first refused to speak here ; but it flashed across her mind that this 
was the Gospel. She compared intemperance to Jericho. She hoped that 
God would so bless them that the first blast given there would end in the 
cry, " Shout ! for the Lord has given you the victory," and the miracle 
would be wrought, and the walls of Jericho overturned. 

Dr. Cuyler then said that while the meeting was at its height of enthu- 
siasm, it was best to close it. The benediction was pronounced, and the 
meeting adjourned. 

In Williamsburg, now the eastern district of Brooklyn, many 
meetings are being held, and men and women are banding to- 
gether for the campaign. 

At Green Point, under the management of the Seventeenth Ward 
Alliance — a union organization, representing all the temperance 
interests in the ward — meetings have been held for months ; and 
so, when the temperance wave rolled eastward, Green Point was 
fully prepared for it. All the churches held a union meeting on 
Monday evening, April 6. Dr. Dio Lewis, J. N. Stearns, and 
Rev. W. C. Steel addressed the meeting, and action was taken 
toward an earnest and immediate crusade against rum. Miss 
Susannah Evans, the eminent female temperance lecturer, for- 
merly from Wales, spoke in Green Point with great effect at a 
meeting held in the Presbyterian church. 



MASSACHUSETTS, 

Worcester. — Much interest is connected with the movement 
here, from the fact that a strong female temperance alliance was 
established about the 1st of March, and various committees ap- 
pointed, especially one of fifty from the various churches, to cir- 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 65 

culate the pledge. Mrs. Susan Gifford, an earnest member of the 
Society of Friends, was elected president, and Mrs. J. G. Arnold 
secretary. After this organization had met and decided on im- 
mediate work, the clergymen held their meeting in the hall of the 
Young Men's Christian Association. The pastors of the city were 
well represented. Dr. Lewis was also present, besides two or 
three unsettled ministers, whose attendance did not contribute to 
the harmony of the meeting. Dr. Lewis made a characteristic 
speech, and took a back seat. The Rev. Mr. Atwater took the 
chair, and the Rev. Mr. Blanchard, of the Unitarian church, 
then offered a series of resolutions which provoked considerable 
discussion, but which, after the incorporation of a " God-speed " 
to the women — offered by Mr. St. John, of the Universalist 
church — were adopted by a strong vote. The resolutions are as 
follows : 

" Resolved, That as a deep awakening in the temperance cause is apparent 
in our city, we, the clergymen of the several churches, do regard with re- 
spect and bid God-speed to any action resulting from the conference of the 
women among themselves concerning the evil of intemperance. 

" Resolved, That, assured that scientific men are more and more testifying 
against the use of alcoholic drinks as a beverage and their employment as 
a lemedy in disease, and persuaded that the conscience of men should be 
aroused in reference to their duty to abstain from intoxicating liquor, we 
recommend the holding of a series of religious meetings, in which the facts 
of our present knowledge may be presented and appeals to conscience 
made. 

"Resolved, That the Rev. Messrs. Lamson, Marshall, and Hills be appoint- 
ed a committee to arrange for such meetings." 

The Rev. Dr. Gould, of the Congregational church, and Father 
Primeau were afterward added to the committee. The resolu- 
tions will express the sense of the meeting. An attempt to in- 
troduce resolutions approving especially Dr. Lewis's method 
failed. The majority declared themselves unwilling to go so far 
at: present, though they would respect any action the women 
might take. Father Primeau, the Roman Catholic priest, said 
that he believed the Roman Catholic clergy could agree with the 
resolutions of Mr. Blanchard, but not with the substitutes of- 
fered. He hoped there would be agreement rather than discord. 
Mr. Marshall, of the Baptist church, and several others took simi- 



66 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

lar ground, and the efforts of two or three to change the spirit 
of the meeting were not successful. In the afternoon a large 
crowd gathered in the vicinity of the Methodist church, where 
the women had held their morning meeting, hoping to see the 
women emerge for a raid ; but they waited in vain. 

Considerable opposition was manifested toward Dr. Lewis's* 
plan, and at. first the women of Worcester only partially adopted 
it. Immediately the press everywhere rang the changes on this 
partial repudiation of the Ohio mode of work, and articles ap- 
peared in the leading papers with such headings as, " Dio Lewis 
thrown overboard," " Dio Lewis played out," and others of a kin- 
dred character; and many were rejoicing at the failure of the 
crusade. But the good women of Worcester steadily moved on- 
ward, success attending them in their holy work, and, to the sur- 
prise of everybody, they finally adopted the Western plan in all 
its features. Large bodies of its excellent Christian women pa- 
trolled the streets and prayed in the saloons. We bid them God- 
speed, and trust they will not cease their prayers till the battle is 
fully won. 

Boston. — Slowly but surely Boston is coming to the front in 
the women's movement. Meetings full of interest are being held, 
and Rev. J. B. Dunn, so well known as an earnest temperance 
champion, and others of her pastors, preached sermons on Fast- 
day endorsing the new crusade. On the 30th of March, a large 
informal meeting of the clergy of the city was held in the vestry of 
the Shawmut Church, and this resolution was unanimously 
adopted. 

"Resolved, That we, pastors in Boston, will give our hearty God-speed to any 
Christian women in our churches who may feel themselves moved of God to 
use prayer and personal appeal in their efforts to suppress the liquor-traffic 
and otherwise further the temperance cause. 

(Signed) E. B. Webb, 

and thirty-five pastors, representing several denominations." 

Dr. Dio Lewis addressed a lay meeting here, and an effort is 
being made to organize the many strong temperance women of 
Boston for an earnest campaign. 

On the 6th of April, the Methodist ministers adopted the follow- 
ing resolution : 



The Women's 1 emperance Movement. 67 

" Resolved, That in the 'women's crusade' against intemperance, whereby 
it is stated, by one who professes to have carefully counted up the results 
thus far, that c thirty- seven cities and towns have been entirely freed from 
the liquor-traffic, 1,761 liquor-saloons in Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois closed, and 
800 liquor-sellers not only reformed, but hopefully converted to God,' we 
recognize God's work, and can but give it our fullest sympathy, and pledge 
to it all possible co-operation. Woman — patient, long-suffering woman — 
girded with the omnipotence of prayer, and faith, and human sympathy, has 
taken the field at last against the demon from which she has endured so 
much, and the Almighty Lord has given her the victory, and shame. on the 
man who can stand by in a spirit of indifference or captious criticism, and 
refuse to give her his countenance and support in her glorious work." 

Already some of the women of Rev. Mr. Kneeland's church 
are at work visiting the saloons quietly and unostentatiously. In 
Dorchester the people are agitating, and in East Boston, in the 
Universalist church, a women's temperance prayer-meeting, pre- 
sided over by Mrs. Sylvanus Cobb, was held, from which gentle- 
men were excluded. Great feeling was exhibited in the meeting, 
and the good leaven is working. 

In East Weymouth and Westfield, Catholic mass-meetings 
have been held and addressed by J. A. Mowatt, Esq., an earnest 
Methodist, but so liberal in his views that he has the full confi- 
dence of his Catholic countrymen. 

In Chelsea, the clergy met and expressed full confidence in 
the new movement, and so encouraged the women that they also 
met to confer as to the best mode to rid Chelsea of the traffic. 
Dr. E. A. Brown presented a report recommending daily prayer- 
meetings in the vestries of the several churches, and weekly mass- 
meetings in Granite Hall. A committee of three was appointed 
to wait on the Catholic priest, and a committee of eight ladies 
was appointed to circulate the personal pledge. 

Fitchburg. — On Fast-day a convention was held, and Mayor 
Norcross presided. Miss Gifford, the Quakeress, preached, and 
two ladies from Worcester spoke. After the meeting, one hun- 
dred ladies met and organized for work against the saloons. 

Groveland is in motion. A lodge of Good Templars has 
just been organized, and meetings of great interest are being 
held. 

Haverhill is being aroused. On Fast-day the prayer-meeting 



68 The Women *s Temperance Movement. 

ran into the temperance groove, and earnest work may be ex- 
pected here. 

Massachusetts, true to her temperance record, will move in 
power when she once is fully under way. Her women are noted 
for piety and perseverance, and when they assail the saloons, it 
will be thorough work. 

KENTUCKY. 

A convention was held at Frankfort in February, which was 
largely attended, and the following resolutions were adopted : 

" Resolved, That this convention has watched with growing interest the 
movement against the liquor traffic inaugurated by the devoted Christian 
women of Ohio, and hail its glorious effects as a visible sign of the counte- 
nance and help of God. 

" Resolved, That we wish the noble sisterhood of Ohio and Indiana God- 
speed in their good work ; that they have our sympathies in their trials, and 
our prayers for their success ; and we exhort them to continue the warfare in 
the name of Jehovah. " 

At Covington, the following postal-card was sent to the 
liquor-dealers : 

" Dear Sir : You are kindly requested to abandon the sale of intoxicating 
liquor, for your own welfare and that of humanity. Remember that it is de- 
grading to yourself, and spreads vice and poverty among us. If not, we 
will unite our prayers, and visit every saloon in a body, fervently pleading 
until our object is attained. 

" The Ladies' .Committee on Temperance." 

At Louisville, large meetings have been held. Carlisle, Au- 
gusta, Paducah, and other places are moving earnestly in the 
work. 

NEBRASKA. 

At Omaha the 30 women engaged in the crusade are fol- 
lowed by great crowds. At one saloon the .floor gave way, 
under the weight of the many curious people who pressed in to 
hear and see. 

Lincoln is on Are with enthusiasm in the cause. Great success 
follows the efforts of the women. 

At Ashland, prayer-meetings have been held, saloons visited, 
and all have been closed. 



The Women 9 s Temperance Movement. 69 

KANSAS 

Is fully roused, and in Leavenworth, Atchison, Lawrence, and 
Topeka the women are busily engaged in getting ready for a 
vigorous campaign. 

At Fort Scott a prominent liquor-seller advertised a "free 
lunch " and the praying band brought 21 ragged and hungry 
children of drunkards to partake of his bounty, after which they 
sang and prayed for him. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

The movement is being felt in this and other Southern States, 
developing mainly in agitation of the legal side of the question. 
The Legislature of Mississippi has felt the tidal-wave, as will be 
seen by this telegram : 

" Memphis, Tenn., April 6, 1874. 

"A special dispatch to the Appeal, from Jackson, Miss., says the liquor- 
license bill passed by. the Legislature requires a majority of males over 
twenty-one and females over eighteen in the city, town, or township to sign 
a petition for a license to sell liquor before such license shall be issued. 
The Governor immediately thereafter signed the bill." 

TENNESSEE. 

At Greenville, the home of ex-President Jonnson, the 
women have been praying for days and weeks in front of a 
low saloon kept by an Irishwoman named Ward, but in vain ; 
she has a spicy tongue, and answers all their petitions with abuse. 
Other saloons have yielded, but she is obdurate and obstinate. 

CALIFORNIA. 

San Francisco. — The women in this large city are at work 
trying to accomplish something for God in the temperance 
crusade, and the news greets us, through the wires, that already 
six saloons have been closed through their efforts. Hopefully 
"lifting up holy hands without wrath or doubting," they may 
succeed in their labor of love so fully that the two thousand 
saloons and gambing-dens of this prosperous city shall be 
closed. 



JO The Women s Temperance Movement. 

OREGON. 

The following postal-card from Portland tells of the com- 
mencement of the good work in that distant State : 

" Our people here in Portland, Oregon, are beginning to wake up to the 
importance of the subject of temperance, and have been holding union 
meetings daily for the last two weeks, with good results. Yesterday our 
sisters, having caught their ' inspiration ' from their sisters east of the 
Rocky Mountains, paired # ofF by twos and threes, visited our saloons, grog- 
shops, etc., and are repeating the same to-da)% with happy results. ' Peace, 
persuasion, and prayer' are their watchwords. 

" Could you send me- some temperance statistics and documents for cir 
dilation ? " 



Surely the time, the set time, to favor Zion has arrived, and 
woe be to the man or woman who will not respond when God 
calls ! This is not a mere outburst of philanthropy, but a genuine 
outpouring of the divine Spirit ; and the church, minister, or Chris- 
tian who stands aloof from it will and must lose spiritual 
power thereby ; and he who dares oppose will court thereby the 
" anathema maranatha " of the God whose whole nature abhors 
and opposes intemperance. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. Ji 



CHAPTER III. 

HUMORS OF THE CRUSADE. 

N' OTWITHSTANDING the serious and solemn nature of 
this wonderful temperance revival, many incidents pecu- 
liarly humorous in their character have occurred, some of which 
we give in this chapter. 

A LITERARY LIQUOR-SELLER. 

The following is related of a Mt. Vernon grocer : 

" The most determined \vhiske3r-seller here is James Andrews, the grocer. 
Andrews represents the First Ward in our city council, and was the only 
negative voter on the liquor ordinance passed by that body last week. He 
is rather a queer kind of a fellow, and has made some remarks to the women 
that will stand repetition. A day or two ago he stood on his doorstep and 
delivered himself of this little speech : ' Ladies, you look at this whole 
matter from one stand-point only ; you will not consider it from my view 
nor will you allow me to argue the case with you. When I begin to discuss 
this question, you begin to sing and pray, and any one of your tongues can 
make twice as much noise as mine. I have seen temperance and intempe- 
rance go hand-in-hand for twenty-five years, and to-day the one does not out- 
strip the other. Look at the statistics/ Here some one began to sing, 
'Nearer, my God, to thee/ in which all joined, when Andrews exclaimed : 
4 There you go ; I told you you were afraid to hear me. I have but to say, in' 
the language of the poet, 

" k Heaven is full of pride, 
And hell is full of spite.' 

To-day he told the women'that. he never would surrender to a ' Paris commune/ 
and he also informed them that they were a 'travelling hippodrome, led on 
by that twin relic of barbarism, Dio Lewis.' We don't exactly see the point 
to this last effusion, but presume it is intended to be hard on Lewis." 

HOW THEY CONQUERED HIM. 

The Cincinnati Commercial relates the following : 

" A REFUGEE. 

•" We had the pleasure, recently, of a talk with a Mr. G , who came lo 

this city from McArthur, Vinton County, Ohio, where he had a sort of a club- 
room where a game of cards could be played and a drink of whiskey taken. 



*J2 The Women s Temperance Movement, 

He was driven out b}^ the women's war against whiskey and cards. Mr. 
G — — 's description of the war as he saw it is good. He says : 

" ' They climbed up to my place a week ago last Friday night — fifty-four of 
them, young and old, rich and poor, some in rags and some in fine harness. 
Each of the fifty-four women came up personally and spoke to me, and hop- 
ed I'd get a new soul. Of course I had to treat 'em politely. There was 
only one lamp burning in the room when they came in, so I lit another for 
them, to make it lighter. Then they took out their hymn-books, and all sang 
together. One or two of 'em led, and the rest joined in. After they had 
sung fifteen minutes or so, they all got down on their marrow-bones and 
prayed. There was one woman there that could pray loud enough to be 
heard all over the village, which has only eight hundred inhabitants. A 
woman would pray, and the rest would join in with an a-a-amen, a long and 
loud one. One of the women that prayed was seventy years old. She pray- 
ed so long and strong that she got herself all of a tremble, and had to be 
lifted to her feet and carried down-stairs. One time they called, all got 
down on their marrow-bones on the outside, and sang and prayed.' 

" Reporter — You closed up finally? 

"Mr. G. — There was nothing else to do when they were carrying on that 
way. They closed everything in the village down to an oyster-saloon where 
the folks were in the habit of playing a game of cards to see who'd pay for 
the stews — a place where there wasn't a drop of liquor sold. 

" Reporter — How do they treat a fellow in their pra)~ers ? 

"Mr. G. — They are very kind in their prayers at first. They pray for a 
fellow's soul, and then stick a petition before him. If he don't sign to quit, 
they pray for lightning to strike his shop." 

A PERPLEXED WAGONER. 

In Georgetown, Ohio, during the crusade, the women invested 
a beer-wagon. The scene is thus described by an eye-witness : 

" On the first round, the ladies found a beer- wagon at one of the saloons, 
piloted by a timorous German. At once they surrounded him, caught his 
horses by the bridle, and began to sing. The frightened occupant of the 
wagon had never seen things done after this fashion. He was delirious 
with fright. His first move was to partly unhitch his horses. He then 
hitched them again, and reached for the horse-blanket, threw it first on one 
horse, then on the other, then back into the wagon. He then climbed 
upon his wagon-seat, and began beckoning for the bystanders to come to 
his relief; but they would not help worth a penny. When, finally, he was 
released, he put whip to his horses, and went out of town on a double-quick, 
tossing his hat in the air, complete victor of the scene. 

" A few days later, this same man was driving into an adjacent town with 
a heavy load of beer. Two mischievous men were riding in a buggy just 
behind, who were eye-witnesses of his imprisonment by the ladies. To try 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 73 

the effect of song on their Teuton friend, the}' began the hymn the ladies had 
sung. At once he recognized the tune, and, becoming alarmed, put whip to 
his overloaded steeds, and went into town on the gallop. " 

TAKING TIME BY THE FORELOCK. 

At Hampden, where the train stopped a few minutes, the only 
restaurant in sight displayed the sign, in staring black letters : 
" No ale, beer, or liquor here ! " Enquiry developed the fact that 
the fair crusaders had not moved on Hampden yet, but this par- 
ticular publican felt it in the air, and felt called on to set his 
house in order in advance. 

A FRIGHTENED EDITOR. 

The editor of a paper at Mc Arthur, Ohio, having been threatened 
with a visit from the praying women by the editor of a rival sheet, 
published in the same town, on the ground that he advertised "Bin- 
inger's gin," and received payment in the advertised beverage, 
saw eight ladies approaching his office, who were bringing an 
advertisement of a temperance mass-meeting, and, supposing they 
were on the threatened mission, caught up his hat, and hur- 
riedly escaped out of the back door. 

The following piece of poetry, after the style of Bret Harte, 
appeared in one of the Ohio papers : 

"EXPERIENCE WITH PRAYING WOMEN. 

" Well, you gents may* laugh and sneer as you please, 

But you wasn't there to see ; 
And I'll bet big money every one o' )-ou 

Would 'a done just like me. 
When they first came 'round, I just sot my pins 

To stay with 'em right there ; 
And the more they'd sing, and pra)', and plead, 

The more I'd cuss and swear. 

" They kneeled right down in the muddy street, 

And stayed there, too, all day ; 
But I told 'em they'd sing their throats all raw, 

And pray their heads all gray, 
Before I'd quit my legitimate biz 

And then I'd take a drink, 
And smile and bow perlight to the old ones, 

And tip the young 'ns a wink. 



74 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

" Well, that done well 'nough for a week or two, , 

But it wasn't payin' me ; 
And I begun to hunt some other plan 

To make 'em let me be. 
But, pshaw ! the more I'd think and look at it, 

The plainer I could see 
That sell in' whiskey wasn't just the thing 

For a strong chap like me. 

" I an't soppy or nothin' of thet sort ; 

But, somehow or another, 
When I'd listen to their pleadin* and prayin', 

I'd think of my mother. 
And — well, I'm rough and pretty old in sin, 

And I an't wise nor smart, 
And I don't go much on the sympathetic, 

But then I've got a heart. 

" And so I caved — quit square on the spot; 
I couldn't stand the storm ; 
And now, since I'm out, and none the worse off, 

I'm dead bent on reform. 
No, sir, gentlemen, you don't know how it was, 

For you wasn't there to see ; 
And I'll bet big money every one of you 
Would 'a done just like me. Jones." 

11 Middletown, O., March 2, 1874." 

A GERMAN MOTTO. 

A witty German, who surrendered in Dayton, Ohio, placed out- 
side of his saloon a white flag, and suspended beneath it an empty 
bottle reversed and covered with crape, with the words, " Nix 
cum arouse," appended to it. 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 75 

INCIDENTS OF THE CAMPAIGN. 

RECONSTRUCTED SALOONISTS. 

Many of the men who have been induced to quit liquor-selling 
have realized a new manhood. One of them, who bitterly oppos- 
ed the crusade at first, was visited by a reporter, who thus de- 
scribes the interview : 

" A TALK WITH A REFORMED LIQUOR-SELLER. 

44 With some curiosity as to what the late liquor-sellers thought of the 
movement and its effects, I went to a billiard-room which, when I was here 
before, was the most popular drinking-place in town, being crowded every 
night with young men who rank high in Mount Vernon society. The pro- 
prietor, an Irishman, with the physique of a trained prize-fighter, had told 
me that * the thing would never work in Mount Vernon,' and that ' they* 
(meaning the ladies) ' had better not try it on.' I now found him in a much 
more tranquil state of mind, as he stood dispensing lemonade and soda to old 
topers, who have now to be content with such mild substitutes for the old- 
fashioned toddies and punches. ' How do you feel after your surrender?' 
I asked. * Never better — never so well — in my life,' was the prompt reply. 
* I don't know anything about getting religion, but a fellow who has just 
been converted must feel something like I have felt for the last week. I 
actually enjoy going to church. Somehow or other everything looks brighter. 
The best day's work I ever did was hanging out the white flag on my saloon.' 
4 But you will go into the old business again when this excitement dies out ?' 
' Not if I know myself. I wouldn't be able to hold my head up if I did ; I 
couldn't look a lady straight in the face. No, sir, I don't know what's come 
over me, but whiskey-selling don't appear to me now as it used to. Besides, 
everybody seems to look on me so different now. The very men that used 
to drink at my bar think more of me ; and as to the ladies — why, sir, some 
of the best ladies in this town have been in my dining-room with their hus- 
bands to dinner since I closed out, and one or two looked on the other day 
at a game of billiards.' ' Has your business suffered by your stopping the 
sale of liquor ?' ' Not a bit of it so far. Won't you have a cigar or a glass of 
lemonade? I can't offer you anything stronger.' I could hardly realize 
that I was talking to the man who a few days ago had, with angry tone and 
defiant eye, wished the ladies to ' try it on,' and who over this same counter 
tried to induce me to take something in the way of cold-weather alcoholic 
" drinks." 

This gentleman, Mr. McFeely, is the one who has the beautiful 



j6 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

motto, " God bless our noble women," put up in his dining- 
liall. 

Here, also, is a letter from the man who kept a low saloon in 
Morrow, Ohio, called " The Blue Goose "; 

" Gentlemen and Ladies and your Hon. Chairman : 

" I shall be brief as possible, and I am glad I have redeemed myself to a 
great and happy cause — one that every heart should be proud of. After a 
long reflection, my heart yielded to that glorious little band of wearied sis- 
ters. I had to believe that their mission was a good one, for the cold storms 
never stopped them on their little march. The bell would toll, and then we 
could hear their footsteps coming to meet us, and plead with us on a good 
and glorious cause — one that should spread all over the land ; and when- 
ever they called upon me, my heart was ready to receive them and keep 
them comfortable. May the future be a bright and a glorious one, and may 
my comrades look at it as I have, and come over and join me ; for the time 
is lonely without the aid of one hand ! 

" May the cause never die ; may the people get stronger ; may it send 
sweet smiles over our little village ; may it strike every heart and enlighten 
him, for there, is something he has not seen ! My remembrance to your good 
and happy cause. H. Fitzgerald." 

THREATS. 

In Circleville the saloon-keepers were much incensed against 
the men who sustained the women, and sent each of them the 
following manifesto : 
" To the Temperance Reform Ladies : 

"Your intentions in regard to the temperance movement are known. 
There is a league in this city that is sworn to defend themselves and their 
licensed business. We would, therefore, warn yon to beware. We do not 
propose to be trespassed upon, and, if you attempt it, you must accept the 
consequences. 

" By order of the committee of Lodge No. 34 I. O. W. and B. D. 

" P.S. — You are in business, so look out. There is where we strike. 

" Revenge." 

The postscript was in writing, with red ink, and was evidently 
added to intimidate those of our business men who might intend 
entering the temperance work. It is condemned in temperance 
circles as cowardly and insignificant. It certainly has an effect 
contrary to what the senders intended and anticipated ; for many 
who openly denounced the woman's movement have espoused it, 
because their business was threatened, for the reason that their 
wives, daughters, and mothers were agitating this question 



The Wameris Temperance Movement. jy 

A DESPERATE TOPER. 

In Logan, Ohio, after every saloon had surrendered, an old toper, 
by the name of Zeke Poland, was seen running through the streets, 
wildly gesticulating, and crying out at the top of his voice, " Whis- 
key or death! whiskey or death!" A large crowd pursued and 
at last succeeded in capturing him. He was found to be laboring 
under a fit of delirium tremens, the result of sudden deprivation 
of his accustomed whiskey, a dose of which, administered by a 
physician, soon restored him. 

The following occurred in Shelbyville, Ind. : 

"ROAST GOOSE AND APPLE-SAUCE. 

" Among the incidents related to me since my stay here is the following : 

" A man went into a saloon to get a drink of whiskey. While standing 
at the bar, the wife of the liquor-seller called her husband to come to din- 
ner. 

" ' What have you got for dinner ?' he asked. 

'" Roast goose,' she replied, naming several other good dishes, 

" ' Have you any apple-sauce?' he enquired with interest, adding; ' I like 
apple-sauce with roast goose.' 

" ' No, but I will soon have some,' was the answer. 

" And the man at the bar waiting for his dram thought to himself: 'What 
has my family for dinner today? This man has roast goose and apple- 
sauce, and my family have none. I will furnish no more money for him to 
buy roast goose and apple-sauce/ " 

POOR LOGIC. 

A remark made by an anti-temperance man in Logan, Ohio, 
was that the State of Ohio would be compelled, before a twelve- 
month, to erect another lunatic asylum to accommodate the wo- 
men who would be made crazy by the excitement growing out of 
this movement. It probably did not occur to this opponent of 
morality and righteousness that this same movement would save 
its thousands and thousands of beggars and paupers, and its 
thousands from tenanting prisons, as well as insane institutions 
too. 

"save the boys." 

One old man, wrecked and ruined by drink, followed the band 
from place to place in Xenia, kneeling and weeping with them, 
and they tried hard to secure his signature to the pledge. " No, 



78 The Women's Temperance Movement, 

no," said he, "it is too late; if you had started this twenty years 
ago, I might have been saved. Go to the boys, save the boys. I 
am lost, I am lost!" And the hot tears of hopeless agony burned 
his cheek as he said it. 

THAT KEG OF BEER. 

Some thirsty toper tried to smuggle a keg of beer into Wilming- 
ton after the place was freed from whiskey. It was dropped from 
the cars half a mile from town, and hidden under a hay-mow ; but, 
alas ! for that keg, a watchful temperance .eye saw it, and the 
thirsty man of enterprise failed of his object. 

RUM AND THE FLAG. 

Wh«n the band kneeled in front of one of the German saloons 
in Jeffersonville, Ind., the proprietor unfurled a beautiful Ameri- 
can flag, meaning that his liberties were trenched upon by the 
women ; but one of the good sisters kneeled, and most fervently 
prayed that the flag of freedom might soon wave over a land for 
ever freed from the curse of rum. 

THE AUCTION. 

In many parts of Ohio, when a saloon surrenders and the whis- 
key is emptied in the streets, the people generously purchase the 
various articles in the saloon at fancy prices for the benefit of 
the saloonist, and keep them as mementoes of the crusade. At 
Cadiz, Ohio, the effects of the last saloon were thus sold, and 
brought enormous prices — the Government license $100, an old 
funnel $15, a pint flask $11, a cork-screw $7, and about one hun- 
dred bottles and flasks brought from %\ to $3 each. 

THE WALKING TIPPLING-SHOP. 

Samuel Way was arrested in Winchester, Ind., for selling from 
the pocket. The saloons were all closed, and he took this mode 
of earning a dishonest penny. 

PERSECUTION. 

Many have been the insults heaped on the good women who 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 79 

have been cross-bearing disciples of the Master in this great 
Gospel crusade ; but in every instance persecution has been over- 
ruled for good. In London, Ohio, one Beashier was heavily fined 
for throwing beer over the women as they kneeled in front of his 
saloon. Winzel, another saloonist, covered his floor and stove 
with red pepper while the women were praying for him, at the 
same time dancing and outraging all decency by his drunken 
insults ; but the following day, weeping for his folly, and sad- 
dened by their uncomplaining meekness and forbearance, he most 
humbly begged them to forgive him. 

THE GLORIOUS BONFIRE. 

Uhrig, of Hillsboro, surrendered his three barrels of whiskey 
to the band; whereupon they set fire to them, and for an hour 
they burned beautifully, while the women sang songs of joy. 

WHISKEY IN THE MORTAR. 

One of the Methodist pastors in Cincinnati made the remark 
that, if every brick put into the churches of Cincinnati by the 
liquor interest were removed, half those churches would tumble 
down. This may account for the conservative course of some of 
the clergymen. 



On March 5, at Bellefontaine, while the meeting was in pro- 
gress, two liquor-dealers came down the main aisle, and, after 
asking for the dealers' pledge and signing it, they both fell on 
their knees, and besought the women to pray for them. 



8o The Women's Temperance Movement. 



SOME OF THE RESULTS. 

Permit a few concluding words as to the results of this cru- 
sade : 

i. There is a great reduction in the amount of moral evil ; 2,000 
liquor-saloons closed, and half a hundred cities and towns entire- 
ly freed from the rum-traffic, must result in lessening the amount 
of human evil to an extent that cannot be estimated. The 
mayor of one of the redeemed cities declares that already crime 
has been lessened there fully nine-tenths ! 

2. There is a great improvement in the social condition of the 
people. Men have found their lost manhood ; families heretofore 
dependent on charity have become self-sustaining ; pauperism 
has decreased ; schools are filling up. In one town, twenty-five 
children of former drunkards are reported as regularly attending 
school who never went before. 

3. The religious advancement of each community in the .region 
of the crusade is marked and glorious. The churches are filled ; 
in Southern Ohio, it is said a hundred per cent, more people at- 
tend church than ever before. Those who filled the saloons on 
the Sabbath are now in the churches. Vast numbers have been 
soundly converted to God ; for this has been a thorough work. 
Hundreds of weak-willed drunkards have bowed at the cross, and 
become strong in God. Very many liquor-sellers have- kneeled 
at the same altar with their former victims, and are enrolled as 
members of Christ's church. Christian unity has been promoted, 
and those who fought together, and were companions in arms, 
rejoice in the fellowship of their common victory. One of the 
difficult problems of our Christianity — how to unite together the 
churches in small towns — has been solved. 

Increased 'spiritual power has been acquired; men, and especially 
Christian women, have been quickened in newness of life. 

4. A sound moral sentiment has been formed, so that stringent 
temperance laws can now not only be passed, but will be sustained. 

5. The sale of- intoxicating liquors has been materially 
lessened. The report of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue 



The Women s Temperance Movement. 81 

shows a decrease of ^360,000 in the tax on liquors in the States of 
Ohio and Indiana for the month of February. Brandt & Co., 
distillers, of Hamilton, Ohio, assert that their sales have fallen 
off $150 a day. The decrease in the sale of beer and ale in 
Cincinnati for the month of February amounted to $130,000, as 
compared with January. W. L. Flerr, a large wholesale dealer in 
liquors in Cincinnati, says his business is nearly ruined. These 
are stubborn facts, and point their own moral. 

6. Rum-selling and rum-drinking have both become disreputa- 
ble, and are under social ban. 

These, briefly, are some of the glorious results achieved by this 
movement. After the work has progressed more fully and 
developed its wondrous power for good, a better and fuller esti- 
mate may be made of its effects on society. 

Taxation has been lessened. — Clearest demonstration has been 
given of the fact that intemperance fills our jails, alms-houses, and 
lunatic asylums ; so that sixty cents out of every dollar we pay 
in taxation is taken from our pockets by the liquor traffic. When 
the saloons are closed, expenses for the weaklings and criminals 
of society are immediately reduced ; so that already news greets 
us from the region of the crusade that the jails are in some places 
empty, and the heretofore dissipated drone has become industri- 
ous. Let political economists take heed. 

Cliurches have been purified ; not by church trials, but through 
the moral force of a sound Christian sentiment on the temperance 
question. Everywhere this evil had penetrated into the churches. 
A prominent minister in Cincinnati asserted that if every brick 
put into the churches of Cincinnati by the liquor interest were 
removed, half the churches would tumble down. This may sound 
like an exaggeration, but it is a well-known fact that in some shape 
or form the liquor traffic has entrenched itself behind our church 
altars. Prominent officers in the churches, men of wealth, rented 
their buildings for its sale ; respectable druggists sold it as a 
beverage ; professed Christians, as wine, ale, or beer, drank it 
occasionally ; and the canker was in the very heart of the church. 
Indeed, a prominent temperance lecturer in Ohio said : 

"Some of the influential members of the churches, and the best paying 
ones, had direct or indirect relations with whiskey, or those who dealt in it, 



82 The Women s Temperance Movement. 

and did not want the minister to harp on the subject. Others, if they did 
not belong to the church themselves, their wives and families did, and 
rented pews and paid liberally toward the preacher's salary. As they went 
to church to keep up appearances, they did not want to have the devil 
thrashed over their shoulders on the subject of too much whiskey." 

It is true that the majority of our clergymen throughout the 
country have been outspoken and radical on the subject of 
temperance, yet too many, by their indifference to its claims, have 
thwarted the efforts of the good and strengthened the hands of the 
wicked. But this temperance revival, religious in its character, 
has made thorough work in the churches where it has prevailed. 
Men who had been compromising with sin have confessed their 
folly with tearful penitence, and to-day hundreds of churches are 
purer and stronger than they ever were before. 



To Women Everywhere who are Friends of the New 
Temperance Movement : 

A wide experience proves the following to be the best 
method in the conduct of the Woman's Temperance 
Movement: 

First — Call a prayer-meeting in your church, and hold 
it every day while the work is in progress. At the first 
prayer-meeting appoint ten committees, more or less, of 
two women each, to call upon dram-sellers and the own- 
ers of property where drams are sold, at their homes. 
These small committees will continue their work daily, 
and report to the prayer-meetings. In this way, you will 
learn the character and magnitude of your task. Every- 
where, the women will be surprised at the kind reception 
they meet. 

Second — At the end of a week from the beginning, the 
visits at the homes may be discontinued, and committees 
of five women be sent directly to the saloons. There 
they will plead with the keepers, and, before they leave, 
kneel in the corner of the room, and remain kneeling in 
silent prayer for three or five minutes, and then, kindly 
shaking the hand of the saloon-keeper, promise to call 
again. 

Third — At the end of another week, or perhaps ten 
days, the good women will decide whether they had bet- 
ter visit in larger numbers the more prominent saloons, 
for vocal prayer, singing, and pleading. 

In every case, at every step, the Christ-love must be 
felt and manifested. 

I need hardly say that the women should go armed 
with the various pledges: the " Citizens' Pledge," the 
" Dealers' Pledge," the " Property-holders' Pledge," the 
" Physicians' Pledge," the " Druggists' Pledge," and the 
" Grocers' Pledge " — all of which may be procured, very 
neatly prepared, and at the mere cost of paper and print- 
ing, at the National Temperance Society's rooms, 58 
Reade Street, New York City. 

Yours, very truly, 

DIO LEWIS. 



Hos. 

1. Sunday-School Pledge. 20x28 inches,, in colors, - - $0 25 

A large illustrated Temperance Pledge, printed in colors, and of size suffi- 
cient to hold two hundred and fifty names or" teacheis and scholars. It 
should be signed, trained, and hung up in every school-room. 

2. Rational Pledge. 20x23 inches, in colors - 25 

Same size as above, with Pledge of National Society, suitable for all or- r 

ganizations. 

3. Family Pledge. 20x14 inches, SO 

An illustrated lithographed Pledge, large enough to hold the names of a 
whole family, and suitable for framing. Every family should have one filled 
out and hung up in their homes. 

4. Family Pledge. I3>2 xr0 >£ inches. Per hundred, - - 2 00 

An illustrated Pledge, suitable for general distribution. Every Temper- 
ance and Church organization could do a noble work by distributing these 
Pledges to every family in their neighborhood. 

*5. National Pledges, suitable for distribution at public Tesa- - 

perance and Church meetings. 8)^x5 inches. Per hundred, 50 

6. Children's Illustrated Pledge. ,9>2 x6 inches. Per hundred, 3 00 

7. Children's Illustrated Pledge and Certificate Combined. 

12x9}^ inches. Per hundred, - - - - - -4 00 

This is a beautiful Certificate and Pledge, printed in colors, and intended 
for distribution in juvenile Temperance Organizations. It is of suitable 
siz« to frame. 

8. Children's Illustrated Certificate of Membership." 7 ^* 6 

inches. Per hundred, ------#-3 00 

9. Children's Illustrated Band of Hope Certificate and 

Pledge Combined. 12x9% inches, in colors. Per hundred, 4 00 

This is similar to the above illustrated Certificate and Pledge, with the ex- 
ception that Tobacco and Profanity are included in the Pledge. Where this 
can be adopted, it should be obtained in preference to the other. 

10. Pocket Pledge-Book, 10 

This is a small book, suitable for carrying in the pocket, capable of hold- 
ing eighty names, and should be in the possession of every Temperance 
worker. 

11. Sunday-School Pledge-Book, ------ 1 50 

?i*he Pledge is against Spirituous or Malt Liquors, Wine, or Cider ; suit- 
able for Sunday-schools, Bands of Hope, and Juvenile Temperance Organiza- 
tions; contains pages with sufficient space for one thousand names, and also 
for the records of meetings held. 

12. Temperance Pledge-Book, 1 50 

Contains the Pledge of the National Society, with space for one thousand 
sames; suitable for all Adult Temperance Organizations; with space for re- 
cords of meetings. 

13. Temperance Pledge Card, size 3*5^ inches. Per hun- 
dred, . . 1 00 

This card is neatly printed in two colors, and has a blank space for the 
signer, also a space for two witnesses to sign. 

Address, 

3, N. STEARNS, Publishing Agent, 

GS Iieade Street, Xeiv Yoi'k* 



PUBLICATIONS 

The National Temperance Society. 

Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price. 

» + • 

Forty Years' Fight with the Drink Demon. By Dr. Charles Jewett $1 50 

Drops of Water. 58 New Temperance Poems. By Ella Wheeler 75 

Four Pillars of Temperance. By John W. Kirton 75 

The Four Pillars are : Reason, Science, Scripture, and Experience. 

Alcohol ; Its Nature and Effects. By Charles A. Story, M.D 90 

Scripture Testimony against Intoxicating Wine. By Rev. Wm. Ritchie.!. 60 
Bible Rule of Temperance : or, Total Abstinence from all Intoxicating 

Drinks. By George Dnffield, D.D 60 

Alcohol : Its Place and Power. By James Miller. And The U se and Abuse 

of Tobacco. By John Lizars 1 00 

Zoological Temperance Convention. By Rev. Edward Hitchcock, D.D., of 

Amherst College 75 

Delavan's Consideration of the Temperance Argument and History 1 50 

Temperance Anecdotes. By (i. W. Bungay 1 00 

The Temperance Speaker. By J. N. Stearns 75 

Communion Wine and Bible Temperance. By Rev. Wm. M. Thayer. Paper, 

20 cents ; cloth 50 

Laws of Fermentation and Wines of the Ancients. By Rev. William Patton, 

D.D. Paper, 30 cents ; cloth 60 

National Temperance Orator. By Miss L. Penney 1 00 

Bacchus Dethoned. By Frederick Powell 1 00 

Bases of the Temperance Reform. By Rev. Dawson Burns 1 00 

History of the Woman's Temperance Crusade. By Rev. W. C. Steel 25 

Bound Volume of Tracts, No. 1. No. 1 to 100 1 (0 

Bound Volume of Tracts, No. 2. Including twenty-four page tracts 1 00 

Bound Volume of Sermons. Over 400 pages 1 50 

Text-Book of Temperance. By Dr. F. R. Lees 1 50 

Temperance Chimes. By Wm. B. Bradbury and J. N. Stearns. Comprising 

123 pp. of Songs, Hymns, Glees, etc., set to appropriate music. Paper 

covers, single copies, SO cents; $25 per 100. In board covers, single 

copies, 35 cents ; per 100 30 00 

Bugle Notes for the Temperance Army. By W. F. Sherwin and J. N. Stearns. 

128 pp. of New and Popular Music. Paper covers, 30 cents single copy ; 

$25 per 100. Board covers, 35 cents ; per 1C0 30 00 

Temperance Hymn-Book. Paper, 12 cents ; boards 15 

Package of Assorted Tracts. Nos. 1 and 2. 250 pp. Each 25 

Package of 72 Children's Tracts 25 

John Swig. By Edward Carswell 15 

The Rum Fiend. By Wm. H. Burleigh 20 

Illustrated Temperance Alphabet. By Edward Carswell 25 

Temperance Sermons. Nos. 1 to 17. 15 cents each ; per dozen 50 



The Youth's Temperance Banner. 

The Natior »1 Temperance Society and Publication House publish a beautifully 
illustrated Mol hly Paper, especially adapted to children and youth, Sunday- 
Schools and Juvenile Temperance Organizations. Each number contains several 
choice engravings, a piece of music, and a great variety of articles from the pens of 
the best writers for children in America. It should be placed in the hands of every 
child in the land. Terms in advance. Single copies, one year, 25 cents ; 8 copies, 
$1; 10 copies to one address, fl 25; 40 copies to one address, $5; 50 copies to one 
address, $6 25 ; 100 copies to one address, $12. 



The National Temperance Advocate. 

The National Temperance Society and Publication House publish a new 
Monthly Temperance Paper, the object of which is to promote the interests of the 
cause of Temperance by disseminating light from every quarter upon its moral, 
social, financial, and scientific bearings. The best talent in the land will be secured 
for its editors and contributors. Terms in advance. Single copy, one year, $1 ; 10 
copies to one address, $9 ; 20 copies to one address, $16 ; all over 20 copies, at 80 
cents per copy. Address 

J. N. STEARNS, Publishing Agent, 

58 Read© Street New York. 






y 



r. 



THE 



Woman's Temperance 

lIOTBllBZrV. 



BY 



Hev. W. C, Steel, with an Introduction by Dr. Dio Lewis. 




A Concise History of the 

Y CONTAINING 

g History, Plans, Method of Operation, Pledges, Incidents, Humors g 
of the Campaign, etc., etc, 

New York: 
f National Temperance Society & Publication House, \ 

q8 READE STREET. 

8 



58 READE STREET. 
1874. 



• ■ - X: - * - 5: < • 



PUBLICATIONS 

OP 

Tlie National Temperance Society. 

Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price. 



The National Temperance Orator. 12m o, 

288 pages, $1. A new and choice 
collection of .Prose and Poetical Arti- 
cles and Selections for Public Read- 
ings, Addresses, and Recitations, to- 
gether with a series of Dialogues, 
designed for the use of Temperance 
Workers and Speakers, Divisions, 
Lodges, Juvenile Temperance Socie- 
ties, Schools, etc. Edited by Miss L. 
Penney. The book contains 53 excel- 
lent prose articles, 90 choice poems, 
and a series of 30 interesting dialogues 
by first-class writers and speakers. 

Woman's Temperance Crusade. 25 cts. 
By Rev. W. 0. Steel. With an Intro- 
duction by Dr. Dio Lewis. Contain- 
ing History. Plans, Methods of Opera- 
tion, Pledges, "Progress, and Incidents 
relating to this war of the women 
upon the Demon Alcohol, together 
with its wonderful success. 

Bacchus Dethroned. 12mo, 268 pp. $1. 
An English prize essay. The ques- 
tion is presented in all its phases, 
physiological, social, moral, and re- 
ligious. It is very comprehensive, 
multiplying facts, abounding in argu- 
ments, answering objections, and 
enforcing powerful and pathetic ap- 
peals. 

The Bases of the Temperance Reform. 
12mo, 224 pages. By Rev. Dawson 
Burns. $1. 

Packet of Assorted Tracts, Xo. 1. 
Comprising Nos. 1 to 53, 250 pages, 25 
cents. 

Packet of Assorted Tracts, No. 2. 
Comprising Nos. 54 to 100, 250 pages, 
25 cents. 



Packet of Prohibition Documents. 25 

cents. Comprising tracts on prohibi- 
tion, and prize essays on the suppres- 
sion of the liquor traffic, 220 pages. 

Packet of Pictorial Tracts for Children. 

25 cems. Seventy-two Tracts suitable 
for distribution in Sunday-Schools, 
Bands < f Hope,, and other Juvenile 
Temperance organizations. 

Packet of Crusade Documents. 25 

cents. Adapted for general circula- 
tion in connection with the present 
woman's movement for the suppres- 
sion of intemperance. 
Campaign Temperance Hymns, for Tem- 
perance Singers everywhere, compris- 
ing the Battle Hymns of Ohio. 3fr 
hymns, 24 pages. Per hundred, $3. 

Gentle Woman Boused. A story of the 
Woman's Temperance Movement. By 
Rev. E. P. Roe. 24 pages, 60 cents 
per dozen. 

The High Fence of Fifteen Bars which 
the Kumseller Builds between Him- 
self and Heaven. 60 cents per dozen. 

The Throne of Iniquity. By the Rev. 
Albert Barnes, D.D. 60 cents per 
dozen. 

Suppression of the Liquor Traffic. By 
Rev. H. D. Kitchel. A Prize Essay. 
10 cents. 

An Honest Bumseller's Advertisement. 

• Per hundred, $3. An Illustrated 

• Poster, giving a full account of the 
opening of his shop for the sale of li- 
quid fire, and what it is capable of 
doing for all classes of the com- 
munity. 



The National Temperance Society publish three hundred and fifty varieties of 
books, tracts, and pamphlets upon every phase of the question. The following 
are among the four-page tracts which will be sent to any address at the rate of $4 per 
1,000. 



Pages 

Why Sign the Pledge? 4 

Why we Oppose the Traffic 4 

Total Abstinence the only Ground of 

Safety 4 

An Ugly Fact 4 

The First Pledge 4 

Reasons for Total Abstinence 4 

Two Sides of One < anvas 4 

Parental Responsibility . . - . 4 

The Criminality of Drunkenness 4 

Shall We Drink Wine ? 4 

A Shot at the Decanter 4 



Address 



Pages 

What the Rope Means 4 

Reform by Substitution 4 

Dream of the Rumseller's Wife 4 

National Legislation 4 

The Sabbath" and the Beer Question. 4 

The Drinking Usages of Societv 4 

The Results of Prohibition 4 

Lost and Saved 4 

The Duty of Total Abstinence 4 

Total Abstinence Defended 4 

Our National Curse 4 

Labor and Temperance 4 



J. R. STEARNS, Publishing Agent, 



58 READE ST., NEW YORK. 



Laws of Fermentation 

AND 

Wines of the Ancients. 

12mo, 129 pages. By Bev. Wm. Patton, DJ) 



The National Temperance Society have recently published this new 
and valuable v r ork by Dr. Patton, who has thoroughly investigated the 
subject of Bible wines ; and has presented the public with the result of 
his careful research and labor. It is one of the most thorough and con- 
vincing works ever published upon the subject, clearly proving that 
two kinds of Wines existed in Judea, at the time of our Saviour, and 
that the Alcoholic kind never should be used as a beverage. 

TESTIMONIALS. 



"We have read the volume with the 
deepest interest, and wonder, as we close, 
how any person, and especially how any 
scholar, can rise from the perusal of this 
work, and still believe that the Scriptures 
sanction the use of intoxicating wine. 
Dr. Patton brings all his distinguished 
ability and great learning to the defence 
of the point that the Scriptures speak of 
two kinds of wine, the intoxicating and 
the unintoxicating — the former condemn- 
ed and the latter approved."— The 
Church, Boston, Mass. 

"He shows that no countenance what- 
ever is given in the Scriptures to the use 
of fermented or intoxicating liquors, and 
all who desire information or satisfaction 
on the subject cannot do better than to 
procure and read this volume." — Stand- 
ard, Chicago, III. 

44 The whole wine question is elaborate- 
ly discussed, and a vast amount of valua- 
ble information is given in regard to the 
different qualities of wine, the effect of 
fermentation, and the injurious effects of 
the habitual use of what is so largely ar- 
tificial and impregnated, necessarily, 
with the alcoholic principle." — Evening 
Journal, A Ibany, N. Y. 

" Bible wines are very thoroughly and 
satisfactorily examined in the little treat- 
ise before us. It contains, in a small 
compass, all that is necessary to be 
known by the ordinary temperance lec- 
turer." — Northern Christian Advocate. 

"This volume presents an array of 
facts and arguments from reliable sources 
in relation to the wines used in early 
times, and proving that they were unfer- 
mented. Its appearance is timely, as the 
awakening interest in the temperance 
cause will be likely to open anew the dis- 
cussion of this subject."*— Christian Intel 
ligence* , New York City. 

"Dr. Patton, in this little work, aimt 
to show the teachings of the Bible on the 
subject of temperance, and particularly 
of the wine question. The book deserves 
an attentive examination." — Christum 
Union. 

Price, in paper cover, 30 cents; cloth, 60 cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on 
receipt of price. A ddress 



44 The publishing of the work of Rev. 
Dr. Patton on the Laws of Fermentation 
and the Wines of the Ancients is a great 
service to the temperance cause. I re- 
gard it as a very able, valuable, and im- 
portant work. It has been prepared 
with great labor and care. Its statements 
of facts and principles are candidly made, 
and are worttiy of confidence, and I ear- 
nestly recommend the work for general 
circulation." — Joseph Cummings, Pres. of 
the Wes. Univ., Conn. 

44 1 have received a copy of your work 
on The Laws of Fermentation. I have 
read it with great interest. It is learned 
and well arranged, and settles the ques- 
tion of two wines. My dear man, I 
thank you for the great good you have 
accomplished in the cause of science and 
humanity." — Willard Parker, M.D. 

44 This new work is a clear and satisfac- 
tory review of the whole subject of early 
wines, and should be read and its facts 
possessed by all Christians." — Sunday- 
School Times, Philadelphia, Pa. 

44 The clearness with which Dr. Patton 
shows the distinction between fermented 
and unfermented wine, intoxicating and 
that which is unintoxicating, must im- 
press every reader of this /olume. He 
also makes it plain that this distinction is 
purposely made in the Scriptures." — 
Methodist Advocate, Atlanta, Ga. 

44 Thanks, thanks to the author and 
publishers for this really good book." — 
Phrenological Journal. 

44 With great industry has he gathered 
his materials from ancient and modern 
authors, and with no little force and argu- 
ments sets forth his positions. The con- 
clusion he reaches is the same as that of 
Professor Moses Stuart and Pres. Eli- 
phalet Nott, and the scientific facts and 
various authorities bearing upon the sub- 
ject are so collated and indexed as to be 
in very convenient form for reference 
and use— The Advance, Chicago. 



J. N. STEARNS, Publishing- Agent, 

58 READE STREET, NEW YORK. 






PUBLICATIONS OF 

ll lllllll leiNHIM 111 



S5^ 



PUBUCATIGH HOUSE. |( 

HON. WM. E. DODGE, T. T. SHEFFIELD, J. N. STEARNS, 

President. Treasurer. Cor. Sec. ^f Pub. Agt< \ 



THE NATIONAL TEMPERANCE SOCIETY, organized in i860 for the ) 
purpose of supplying a sound and able temperance literature, have al- 1 
reaoy stereotyped and published over three hunuied publications of all ] 
sorts and sizes, from the one-page tract up to the bound vo:ume of 500 pages. 
1 This list comprises books, tracts, and pamphlets, con ainuig essavs, stor es, 
( sermons, argument, statistics, history, ex.. upon every phase of the question. 
(j Special attention has been given to the department { 

\ For Sunday-ScliooB I^itorapfes. 

,; Fifty-two volumes have alreadv been issued, written by some of the be-t 
{ authors in the land. These have been carefullv exam ned wnd approved b\ 
( the Publication Commiitee of the Society, representing the various religious 
• denominations and temperance organizations of the country, which Consists 
( of the following members: 
)\ PETER CARTER, T. A. BROUWER, Rev. ALF. TAYLOR, 

Rev. C D. FOSS. Rev. W. M TAYLOR, R. R. MNCLAIR, 

{ A. A. ROB BINS. Rev. J. B. DUNN. J N. STEARNS, 

Rev. M. C. SUTPHEN, Rev. A. G. LAWSON, JAMES BLACK, 
Rev. WILLIAM HOWELL TAYLOR. 
These volumes have been cordially commended by leading clergvmen of 
( ali denominations, and by various National find State bodies all over ihe land. 
The tollowing is the "list, which can be procured through the regular Sun- 
( day-School trade, or by sending direct to the rooms of t'^e Society : 



The Temperance Doctor $1 25 

The Old Brown Pitcher 1 00 

Echo Bank 85 

Our Parish 75 

The Hard Master 85 

Rachel Noble'h Experience 90 

The Red Bridge 90 

Andrew Douglas 75 

Vow at the Bars 40 

Philip Eckert's Struggles and 

Triumphs 60 

The Broken Rock , 50 

Out of the Fire 1 25 

Gertie's Sacrifice 50 

Historv of a Threepenny Bit. . . 75 
Rev. Dr. Willoughby and his 

Wine 1 50 

Aunt Dinah's Pledge 1 25 

Frank Oklheld 1 50 

The Drinkiimr-Fountain Stories. 1 co 

1,1 Come Home, Mother " =0 

Jusr-or-Not 1-5 

Old Times 125 

Tom Blinn's Temperance So- 
ciety 1 25 

Work and Reward 50 

Zoa Rodman 1 OQ 

Job Tufton's Rest 1 25 



Address 



J X, STEARVS Pub 



*\^- ~ 



The Harker Family $1 2s 

Tim's Troubles 1 50 

How Could He Escape ? 125 

Hopedale Tavern 100 I 

Roys Search ; or, Lost in the 

Cars 1 25 

The Pitcher of Cool Water 50 

Frank Spencer's Rule of Life.. 50 

The McAllisters 50 

The Best Fellow in the World. 1 25 

New Temperance Speaker 75 

Temp/era nee Anecdotes 1 00 

The Seymours 1 00 < 

The Little Girl in Black 90 ( 

At Lion's Mouth 1 25 \( 

Time will Tell. 1 co j 

Adopted 60 V 

The F'ire Fighters 1 25 ( « 

Eva's Engagement Ring q> ; 

PackingiJc P^risji.... 1 25 

The J e welled Serper. l 1 00 ) 

The Hole in the Ba^ iqo; 

The Glass Cable. 125.' 

L'Tcthing to Drink 1 50 ■ < 

Fred's Flard Fight 1 25. ! 

Jobn Bentle2" s Mis:ake. ...... 5° ' 

Nettie Loring- 1 25 j 

ihe Dumb Trairor 125 

A/Tor.t, 58 Rsade Street. If. Y, 



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